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The story of Burnt Njal
The story of Burnt Njal

Chapter LIII · Chapter 53

Chapter 53 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 9 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The story of Burnt Njal
Context Illustration Reading 1/1 · 9 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 9
OF RUNOLF, THE SON OF WOLF AURPRIEST.
There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.
He was Otkell's guest once when he rode from the Thing.
Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.
Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.
Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.
Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.
There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.
Audulf was a tall man in growth, and strong.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The story of Burnt Njal

Chapter LIII · Chapter 53

Chapter 53 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 9 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1 · 9 reading units · Lines 1–9

Line 1
OF RUNOLF, THE SON OF WOLF AURPRIEST.
Line 2
There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.
Line 3
He was Otkell's guest once when he rode from the Thing.
Line 4
Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.
Line 5
Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.
Line 6
Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.
Line 7
Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.
Line 8
There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.
Line 9
Audulf was a tall man in growth, and strong.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bidding noun US /ˈbɪdɪŋ/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading “Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.”

coloured adjective US /ˈkʌlərd/

having color or a certain color; sometimes used in combination

From this reading “Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.”

dun noun US /dʌn/

horse of a dull brownish grey color

From this reading “Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.”

growth noun US /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading “Audulf was a tall man in growth, and strong.”

staying verb US /ˈsteɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading “There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.”

steeds noun US /stiːdz/

plural of “steed” — (literary) a spirited horse for state of war

From this reading “Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.”

stripe noun US /straɪp/

an adornment consisting of a strip of a contrasting color or material

From this reading “Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.”

winters noun US /ˈwɪntərz/

plural of “winter” — the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading “Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.”

All words in this reading · 112

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

Audulf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

AURPRIEST

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF RUNOLF, THE SON OF WOLF AURPRIEST.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

badenounUS /beɪd/

a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

biddingnounUS /ˈbɪdɪŋ/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

choseverbUS /tʃoʊz/

inflected form of “choose” — pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

colouredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌlərd/

having color or a certain color; sometimes used in combination

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

DalenounUS /deɪl/

an open river valley (in a hilly area)

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

dunnounUS /dʌn/

horse of a dull brownish grey color

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

Easterling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

fondadjectiveUS /fɑːnd/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He was Otkell's guest once when he rode from the Thing.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

giftnounUS /ɡɪft/

something acquired without compensation

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

growthnounUS /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading Audulf was a tall man in growth, and strong.

guestnounUS /ɡest/

a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading He was Otkell's guest once when he rode from the Thing.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

Markfleet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

ninenounUS /naɪn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF RUNOLF, THE SON OF WOLF AURPRIEST.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading He was Otkell's guest once when he rode from the Thing.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

Otkell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

Otkell's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was Otkell's guest once when he rode from the Thing.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

oxnounUS /ɑːks/

an adult castrated bull of the genus Bos; especially Bos taurus

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading He was Otkell's guest once when he rode from the Thing.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

RUNOLF

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF RUNOLF, THE SON OF WOLF AURPRIEST.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

Signy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

SONnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading OF RUNOLF, THE SON OF WOLF AURPRIEST.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

stayingverbUS /ˈsteɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

steedsnounUS /stiːdz/

plural of “steed” — (literary) a spirited horse for state of war

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

stripenounUS /straɪp/

an adornment consisting of a strip of a contrasting color or material

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Audulf was a tall man in growth, and strong.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading Audulf was a tall man in growth, and strong.

thankedverbUS /θæŋkt/

past form of “thank” — express gratitude or show appreciation to

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading OF RUNOLF, THE SON OF WOLF AURPRIEST.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

ThingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading He was Otkell's guest once when he rode from the Thing.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was a man named Runolf, the son of Wolf Aurpriest, he kept house at the Dale, east of Markfleet.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He was Otkell's guest once when he rode from the Thing.

wheneverconjunctionUS /weˈnevər/

at any time that; every time that

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Runolf thanked him for the gift, and bade him come and see him at home whenever he chose to go; and this bidding stood over for some while, so that he had not paid the visit.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading There was an Easterling staying with Otkell, whose name was Audulf; he had set his heart on Signy Otkell's daughter.

wintersnounUS /ˈwɪntərz/

plural of “winter” — the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Now Otkell had two horses, dun coloured, with a black stripe down the back; they were the best steeds to ride in all the country round, and so fond of each other, that whenever one went before, the other ran after him.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Otkell gave him an ox, all black, without a spot of white, nine winters old.

WOLFnounUS /wʊlf/

any of various predatory carnivorous canine mammals of North America and Eurasia that usually hunt in packs

From this reading OF RUNOLF, THE SON OF WOLF AURPRIEST.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Runolf often sent men to him and put him in mind that he ought to come; and he always said he would come, but never went.

Chapter 53 of The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent holds 9 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 53 of The story of Burnt Njal contain?

Chapter 53 holds 9 sentences of The story of Burnt Njal, unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 53 of The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 9 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 53 of The story of Burnt Njal?

Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 53 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 53 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The story of Burnt Njal

Common questions about reading The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The story of Burnt Njal?

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Which edition of The story of Burnt Njal is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The story of Burnt Njal take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The story of Burnt Njal

Words and structures a reader meets early in The story of Burnt Njal, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The story of Burnt Njal, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The story of Burnt Njal, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The story of Burnt Njal, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.