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The story of Burnt Njal
The story of Burnt Njal

Chapter XCI · Chapter 91

Chapter 91 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 54 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.
Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.
Thrain was good to him.
Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.
Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The story of Burnt Njal

Chapter XCI · Chapter 91

Chapter 91 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 54 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.
Line 2
Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.
Line 3
Thrain was good to him.
Line 4
Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.
Line 5
Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chose verb US /tʃoʊz/

inflected form of “choose” — pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading “Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.”

hardships noun US /ˈhɑːrdʃɪps/

plural of “hardship” — a state of misfortune or affliction

From this reading “Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.”

Kettle noun US /ˈketəl/

a metal pot for stewing or boiling; usually has a lid

From this reading “Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.”

owned adjective US /oʊnd/

having an owner; often used in combination

From this reading “Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.”

quarrel noun US /ˈkwɔːrəl/

an angry dispute

From this reading “THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.”

son's noun US /sʌnz/

possessive form of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading “Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.”

spoil verb US /spɔɪl/

make a mess of, destroy or ruin

From this reading “Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.”

wrongs noun US /rɔːŋz/

plural of “wrong” — that which is contrary to the principles of justice or law

From this reading “Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

Bergthorsknoll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

choseverbUS /tʃoʊz/

inflected form of “choose” — pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

farmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Thrain was good to him.

Gritwater

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

hardshipsnounUS /ˈhɑːrdʃɪps/

plural of “hardship” — a state of misfortune or affliction

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Thrain was good to him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

Hrapp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

Hrappstede

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

KettlenounUS /ˈketəl/

a metal pot for stewing or boiling; usually has a lid

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

MarkverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

Njal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

NJAL'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

OnceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

ownedadjectiveUS /oʊnd/

having an owner; often used in combination

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

QUARRELnounUS /ˈkwɔːrəl/

an angry dispute

From this reading THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

SIGFUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

SONnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.

son'snounUS /sʌnz/

possessive form of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

SONSnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

spoilverbUS /spɔɪl/

make a mess of, destroy or ruin

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

talkverbUS /tɔːk/

exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

THRAIN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Hrapp owned a farm at Hrappstede, but for all that he was always at Gritwater, and he was thought to spoil everything there.

wheneverconjunctionUS /weˈnevər/

at any time that; every time that

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE QUARREL OF NJAL'S SONS WITH THRAIN SIGFUS' SON.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Njal said it would be best that Kettle should talk with his brother Thrain about it, and he gave his word to do so.

wrongsnounUS /rɔːŋz/

plural of “wrong” — that which is contrary to the principles of justice or law

From this reading Once on a time it happened that Kettle of the Mark was at Bergthorsknoll; then Njal's sons told him of their wrongs and hardships, and said they had much to lay at Thrain Sigfus' son's door, whenever they chose to speak about it.

Chapter 91 of The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent holds 54 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 91 of The story of Burnt Njal contain?

Chapter 91 holds 54 sentences of The story of Burnt Njal, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 91 of The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 54 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 91 of The story of Burnt Njal?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 91 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 91 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The story of Burnt Njal

Common questions about reading The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The story of Burnt Njal?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The story of Burnt Njal is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The story of Burnt Njal

Words and structures a reader meets early in The story of Burnt Njal, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The story of Burnt Njal, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The story of Burnt Njal, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The story of Burnt Njal, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.