used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
anew
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
AthensnounUS /ˈæθənz/
the capital and largest city of Greece; named after Athena (its patron goddess)
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
AtticanounUS /ˈætɪkə/
the territory of Athens in ancient Greece where the Ionic dialect was spoken
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
in or to or toward a former location
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/
the past participle of “be”
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
earlier than; in front of
From this reading But before the corn was ripe they knew their hopes were vain.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading But before the corn was ripe they knew their hopes were vain.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
assets available for use in the production of further assets
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South America since pre-Columbian times
From this reading But before the corn was ripe they knew their hopes were vain.
a politically organized body of people under a single government
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
cropsnounUS /krɑːps/
plural of “crop” — the yield from plants in a single growing season
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
spoiled or ruined or demolished
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
digverbUS /dɪɡ/
turn up, loosen, or remove earth
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
causing fear or dread or terror
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
owed and payable immediately or on demand
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
an opposing military force
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
divisible by two
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
people in general (often used in the plural)
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
produced by or subjected to forcing
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
harvestnounUS /ˈhɑːrvəst/
the yield from plants in a single growing season
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
havocnounUS /ˈhævək/
violent and needless disturbance
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
past form of “hope” — expect and wish
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
plural of “hope” — a specific instance of feeling hopeful
From this reading But before the corn was ripe they knew their hopes were vain.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
used when the thing doing the action is also its object
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about
From this reading But before the corn was ripe they knew their hopes were vain.
immediately past
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
go away from a place
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
past form of “march” — march in a procession
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
on one occasion
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
not allowed to continue to bat or run
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
PERICLESnoun
Athenian statesman whose leadership contributed to Athens' political and cultural supremacy in Greece; he ordered the construction of the Parthenon (died in 429 BC)
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
plenteousadjective
affording an abundant supply
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
ploughnounUS /plaʊ/
a group of seven bright stars in the constellation Ursa Major
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
reapverbUS /riːp/
gather, as of natural products
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/
a safe place
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
ripeadjectiveUS /raɪp/
fully developed or matured and ready to be eaten or used
From this reading But before the corn was ripe they knew their hopes were vain.
shelteringverbUS /ˈʃeltərɪŋ/
-ing form of “shelter” — provide shelter for
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
sowverbUS /saʊ/
place (seeds) in or on the ground for future growth
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
SpartanadjectiveUS /ˈspɑːrtən/
of or relating to or characteristic of Sparta or its people
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
SpartansnounUS /ˈspɑːrtənz/
plural of “spartan” — a resident of Sparta
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
carry out
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
used to introduce the second part of a comparison
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
an instance or single occasion for some event
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance
From this reading But before the corn was ripe they knew their hopes were vain.
plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading But before the corn was ripe they knew their hopes were vain.
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading But before the corn was ripe they knew their hopes were vain.
at the time that
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
inside; before a period of time has passed
From this reading The Spartans had come back, and once again the people were forced to leave their fields and take refuge within the walls of the capital.
the words that are spoken
From this reading THE LAST WORDS OF PERICLES When the Spartans marched out of Attica, the country folk left the sheltering walls of Athens to go back to their fields, to dig, to plough, to sow.
past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity
From this reading But in the city itself an enemy appeared, an enemy that worked more dreadful havoc than even the Spartan army.
year'snounUS /jɪrz/
possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days
From this reading They hoped in due time to reap a plenteous harvest, for their last year’s crops had been destroyed by the enemy.
