Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told
The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told

Chapter XL

Chapter 40 of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told is here in full — 398 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told
Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.
Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.
Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.
Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.
The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told

Chapter XL

Chapter 40 of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told is here in full — 398 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.
Line 2
Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.
Line 3
Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.
/ˈæntəni wɑːz nɑːt əˈkʌstəmd tuː faɪt æt siː nɔːr wɜːr hɪz ˈdʒenərəlz ɔːr ˈsoʊldʒərz/
Line 4
Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.
/jet tuː pliːz ˌkliːəˈpætrə hiː hæd ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðæt ðə fɜːrst ˈbætəl ʃʊd biː bɪˈtwiːn ðə fliːts/
Line 5
The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Antony noun US /ˈæntəni/

Roman general under Julius Caesar in the Gallic wars; repudiated his wife for the Egyptian queen Cleopatra; they were defeated by Octavian at Actium (83-30 BC)

From this reading “Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.”

Cleopatra noun US /ˌkliːəˈpætrə/

beautiful and charismatic queen of Egypt; mistress of Julius Caesar and later of Mark Antony; killed herself to avoid capture by Octavian (69-30 BC)

From this reading “Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.”

Empire noun US /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading “THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.”

fleets noun US /fliːts/

plural of “fleet” — group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading “Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.”

generals noun US /ˈdʒenərəlz/

plural of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading “Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.”

Greece noun US /ɡriːs/

a republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil

From this reading “THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.”

sixty adjective US /ˈsɪksti/

being ten more than fifty

From this reading “The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.”

vessels noun US /ˈvesəlz/

plural of “vessel” — a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading “The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

west coast noun + noun

the western seaboard of the United States from Washington to southern California

In this reading “THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.”

great battle adjective + noun

In this reading “THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.”

great army adjective + noun

In this reading “Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.”

at sea preposition + noun

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

In this reading “Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.”

on the west preposition + article + noun counted as “on … west”

In this reading “THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

31

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.

ACTIUMnoun

an ancient town on a promontory in western Greece

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.

AntonynounUS /ˈæntəni/

Roman general under Julius Caesar in the Gallic wars; repudiated his wife for the Egyptian queen Cleopatra; they were defeated by Octavian at Actium (83-30 BC)

From this reading Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.

Antony's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

BATTLEnounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

CleopatranounUS /ˌkliːəˈpætrə/

beautiful and charismatic queen of Egypt; mistress of Julius Caesar and later of Mark Antony; killed herself to avoid capture by Octavian (69-30 BC)

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

Cæsar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.

decideverbUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪd/

reach, make, or come to a decision about something

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

decidedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd/

recognizable; marked

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.

EmpirenounUS /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.

fleetsnounUS /fliːts/

plural of “fleet” — group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

generalsnounUS /ˈdʒenərəlz/

plural of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

GreecenounUS /ɡriːs/

a republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

joinverbUS /dʒɔɪn/

become part of; become a member of a group or organization

From this reading The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.

pleaseverbUS /pliːz/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

queennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.

RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

sixtyadjectiveUS /ˈsɪksti/

being ten more than fifty

From this reading The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.

soldiersnounUS /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

plural of “soldier” — an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

vesselsnounUS /ˈvesəlz/

plural of “vessel” — a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading The queen herself was at Actium, and had sent sixty of her own vessels to join Antony’s fleet.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Antony was not accustomed to fight at sea, nor were his generals or soldiers.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM The great battle which was to decide who was to rule over the Roman Empire was fought at Actium, on the west coast of Greece, in 31 B.C.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Here Cæsar and Antony arrived, each with a great fleet and a great army.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet to please Cleopatra he had decided that the first battle should be between the fleets.

Chapter 40 of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told by Mary Macgregor holds 398 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 40 of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of contain?

Chapter 40 holds 398 sentences of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 40 of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told by Mary Macgregor exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 398 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 40 of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 40 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 40 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told

Common questions about reading The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told by Mary Macgregor on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told?

Yes. All 5774 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66147 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #66147, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told take to read?

About 481 minutes of reading across 1155 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told section by sec

How to work through The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
France
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Willie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Story of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus, Told; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.