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The Strong Arm
The Strong Arm

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Strong Arm is here in full — 368 sentences across 74 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/73 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.
He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.
Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.
Therefore impatience disintegrated the camp and resentment threatened discipline.
When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Strong Arm

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Strong Arm is here in full — 368 sentences across 74 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/73 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.
Line 2
He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.
Line 3
Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.
Line 4
Therefore impatience disintegrated the camp and resentment threatened discipline.
/ˈðerfɔːr ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəns dɪˈsɪntəɡreɪtɪd ðə kæmp ənd rɪˈzentmənt ˈθretənd ˈdɪsəplən/
Line 5
When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.
/wen æt læst ðə ˈmɜːrmərz kʊd biː noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər ˌɪɡˈnɔːrd ðə ɪˈmɪr ˈɡæðərd hɪz ˌɪmˈpetʃwəs jʌŋ men təˈɡeðər ɪn hɪz tent ənd ðʌs əˈdrest ðem/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

commanders noun US /kəˈmændərz/

plural of “commander” — an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading “He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.”

crafty adjective US /ˈkræfti/

marked by skill in deception

From this reading “The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.”

disintegrated verb US /dɪˈsɪntəɡreɪtɪd/

past form of “disintegrate” — break into parts or components or lose cohesion or unity

From this reading “Therefore impatience disintegrated the camp and resentment threatened discipline.”

Emir noun US /ɪˈmɪr/

an independent ruler or chieftain (especially in Africa or Arabia)

From this reading “The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.”

grounded verb US /ˈɡraʊndɪd/

past form of “ground” — fix firmly and stably

From this reading “The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.”

incipient adjective US /ˌɪnˈsɪpiənt/

only partly in existence; imperfectly formed

From this reading “He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.”

murmurs noun US /ˈmɜːrmərz/

plural of “murmur” — a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading “When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.”

Syria noun US /ˈsɪriə/

an Asian republic in the Middle East at the east end of the Mediterranean; site of some of the world's most ancient centers of civilization

From this reading “Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

addressedadjectiveUS /əˈdrest/

(of mail) marked with a destination

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

agedadjectiveUS /eɪdʒd/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

cautionnounUS /ˈkɑːʃən/

the trait of being cautious; being attentive to possible danger

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

commandersnounUS /kəˈmændərz/

plural of “commander” — an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

coolnessnounUS /ˈkuːlnəs/

calm and unruffled self-assurance

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

counselled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

craftyadjectiveUS /ˈkræfti/

marked by skill in deception

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

dashingadjectiveUS /ˈdæʃɪŋ/

lively and spirited

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

deeplyadverbUS /ˈdiːpli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading Therefore impatience disintegrated the camp and resentment threatened discipline.

disintegratedverbUS /dɪˈsɪntəɡreɪtɪd/

past form of “disintegrate” — break into parts or components or lose cohesion or unity

From this reading Therefore impatience disintegrated the camp and resentment threatened discipline.

dogsnounUS /dɑːɡz/

plural of “dog” — a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

EmirnounUS /ɪˈmɪr/

an independent ruler or chieftain (especially in Africa or Arabia)

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

experiencedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspɪriənst/

having experience; having knowledge or skill from observation or participation

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

frayverbUS /freɪ/

wear away by rubbing

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

groundedverbUS /ˈɡraʊndɪd/

past form of “ground” — fix firmly and stably

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

ignoredadjectiveUS /ˌɪɡˈnɔːrd/

disregarded

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

impatiencenounUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəns/

a lack of patience; irritation with anything that causes delay

From this reading Therefore impatience disintegrated the camp and resentment threatened discipline.

impetuousadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpetʃwəs/

characterized by undue haste and lack of thought or deliberation

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

incipientadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsɪpiənt/

only partly in existence; imperfectly formed

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

leadernounUS /ˈliːdər/

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

murmursnounUS /ˈmɜːrmərz/

plural of “murmur” — a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

OrientaladjectiveUS /ˌɔːriˈentəl/

denoting or characteristic of countries of the Far East

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

overmastering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

prudencenounUS /ˈpruːdəns/

discretion in practical affairs

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

rebellionnounUS /rɪˈbeljən/

refusal to accept some authority or code or convention

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

resentmentnounUS /rɪˈzentmənt/

a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will

From this reading Therefore impatience disintegrated the camp and resentment threatened discipline.

sacredadjectiveUS /ˈseɪkrəd/

concerned with religion or religious purposes

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

settingnounUS /ˈsetɪŋ/

the context and environment in which something is set

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

smileverbUS /smaɪl/

change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

smiledverbUS /smaɪld/

past form of “smile” — change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

Soldan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

SyrianounUS /ˈsɪriə/

an Asian republic in the Middle East at the east end of the Mediterranean; site of some of the world's most ancient centers of civilization

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

tentnounUS /tent/

a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

ThereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Therefore impatience disintegrated the camp and resentment threatened discipline.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

threatenedadjectiveUS /ˈθretənd/

(of flora or fauna) likely in the near future to become endangered

From this reading Therefore impatience disintegrated the camp and resentment threatened discipline.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

unbelievers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

unhallowedadjective

not hallowed or consecrated

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Here were these dogs of unbelievers setting their unhallowed feet on the sacred soil of Syria, and the Emir, instead of dashing against them, counselled coolness and prudence.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When at last the murmurs could be no longer ignored the Emir gathered his impetuous young men together in his tent, and thus addressed them.

wisdomnounUS /ˈwɪzdəm/

accumulated knowledge or erudition or enlightenment

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The aged Emir Soldan sat in his tent and smiled; the crafty Oriental smile of an experienced man, deeply grounded in the wisdom of this world.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading He knew that there was incipient rebellion in his camp; that the young commanders under him thought their leader was becoming too old for the fray; caution overmastering courage.

Chapter 1 of The Strong Arm by Robert Barr holds 368 sentences, grouped into 74 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Strong Arm contain?

Chapter 1 holds 368 sentences of The Strong Arm, unabridged, divided into 74 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Strong Arm by Robert Barr exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 368 sentences, grouped into 74 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Strong Arm?

Work through the 74 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 74 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Strong Arm

Common questions about reading The Strong Arm by Robert Barr on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Strong Arm?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Strong Arm is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in The Strong Arm

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Strong Arm, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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