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The Student's Life of Washington
The Student's Life of Washington

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Student's Life of Washington is here in full — 198 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
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EXPEDITION TO THE OHIO.--TEA TAX.
In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.
He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.
Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.
Those claims were yet unsatisfied.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Student's Life of Washington

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Student's Life of Washington is here in full — 198 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
EXPEDITION TO THE OHIO.--TEA TAX.
Line 2
In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.
Line 3
He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.
/hiː wɑːz wʌn ʌv ðə vərˈdʒɪnjə bɔːrd ʌv kəˈmɪʃənərz əˈpɔɪntɪd æt ðə kloʊs ʌv ðə leɪt wɔːr tuː ˈsetəl ðə ˈmɪləteri əˈkaʊnts ʌv ðə ˈkɑːləni/
Line 4
Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.
Line 5
Those claims were yet unsatisfied.
/ðoʊz kleɪmz wɜːr jet ənˈsætɪsfaɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apportioned adjective US /əˈpɔːrʃənd/

given out in portions

From this reading “Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.”

bounty noun US /ˈbaʊnti/

payment or reward (especially from a government) for acts such as catching criminals or killing predatory animals or enlisting in the military

From this reading “Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.”

Commissioners noun US /kəˈmɪʃənərz/

plural of “commissioner” — a government administrator

From this reading “He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.”

considerations noun US /kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “consideration” — the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading “In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.”

ohio noun US /oʊˈhaɪoʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading “EXPEDITION TO THE OHIO.--TEA TAX.”

proclamation noun US /ˌprɑːkləˈmeɪʃən/

a formal public statement

From this reading “Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.”

tax verb US /tæks/

levy a tax on

From this reading “EXPEDITION TO THE OHIO.--TEA TAX.”

unsatisfied adjective US /ənˈsætɪsfaɪd/

not having been satisfied

From this reading “Those claims were yet unsatisfied.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

thousand acres noun + noun

In this reading “Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.”

hundred thousand noun + noun

the cardinal number that is the fifth power of ten

In this reading “Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.”

two hundred noun + noun

being ten more than one hundred ninety

In this reading “Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.”

In the midst preposition + article + noun counted as “in … midst”

the middle or central part or point

In this reading “In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.”

late war adjective + noun

In this reading “He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

accountsnounUS /əˈkaʊnts/

plural of “account” — a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

acresnounUS /ˈeɪkərz/

extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

apportionedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔːrʃənd/

given out in portions

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

BoardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

bountynounUS /ˈbaʊnti/

payment or reward (especially from a government) for acts such as catching criminals or killing predatory animals or enlisting in the military

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

claimsnounUS /kleɪmz/

plural of “claim” — an assertion of a right (as to money or property)

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

colonynounUS /ˈkɑːləni/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

CommissionersnounUS /kəˈmɪʃənərz/

plural of “commissioner” — a government administrator

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

considerationsnounUS /kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “consideration” — the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

Dinwiddie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

EXPEDITIONnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading EXPEDITION TO THE OHIO.--TEA TAX.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

GovernornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

holdingnounUS /ˈhoʊldɪŋ/

the act of retaining something

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

inducedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈduːst/

brought about or caused; not spontaneous

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

midstnounUS /mɪdst/

the location of something surrounded by other things

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

OHIOnounUS /oʊˈhaɪoʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading EXPEDITION TO THE OHIO.--TEA TAX.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

proclamationnounUS /ˌprɑːkləˈmeɪʃən/

a formal public statement

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

ranknounUS /ræŋk/

a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

serveverbUS /sɜːrv/

serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

settleverbUS /ˈsetəl/

settle into a position, usually on a surface or ground

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

soldiersnounUS /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

plural of “soldier” — an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

TAXverbUS /tæks/

levy a tax on

From this reading EXPEDITION TO THE OHIO.--TEA TAX.

TEAnounUS /tiː/

a beverage made by steeping tea leaves in water

From this reading EXPEDITION TO THE OHIO.--TEA TAX.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading EXPEDITION TO THE OHIO.--TEA TAX.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading EXPEDITION TO THE OHIO.--TEA TAX.

turmoils

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

unsatisfiedadjectiveUS /ənˈsætɪsfaɪd/

not having been satisfied

From this reading Those claims were yet unsatisfied.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

VirginianounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading He was one of the Virginia Board of Commissioners, appointed at the close of the late war to settle the military accounts of the colony.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

WashingtonnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading In the midst of these popular turmoils, Washington was induced, by public as well as private considerations, to make another expedition to the Ohio.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Among the claims which came before the board were those of the officers and soldiers who had engaged to serve until peace, under the proclamation of Governor Dinwiddie, holding forth a bounty of two hundred thousand acres of land, to be apportioned among them according to rank.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Those claims were yet unsatisfied.

Chapter 8 of The Student's Life of Washington by Washington Irving holds 198 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Student's Life of Washington contain?

Chapter 8 holds 198 sentences of The Student's Life of Washington, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Student's Life of Washington by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 198 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Student's Life of Washington?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Student's Life of Washington

Common questions about reading The Student's Life of Washington by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Student's Life of Washington?

Yes. All 11720 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32987 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Student's Life of Washington is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32987, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Student's Life of Washington take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2344 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Student's Life of Washington section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Student's Life of Washington

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Student's Life of Washington, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Revolution
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Student's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.