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The Student's Life of Washington
The Student's Life of Washington

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of The Student's Life of Washington is here in full — 229 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/45 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE ARMY IN NEW YORK.
The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.
This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.
At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.
The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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The Student's Life of Washington

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of The Student's Life of Washington is here in full — 229 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/45 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE ARMY IN NEW YORK.
/ðə ˈɑːrmi ɪn nuː jɔːrk/
Line 2
The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.
/ðə ɡreɪt eɪm ʌv ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ æt ˈprezənt wɑːz tuː ɡet pəˈzeʃən ʌv nuː jɔːrk ənd ðə ˈhʌdsən ənd meɪk ðem ðə ˈbeɪsəs ʌv ˈmɪləteri ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃənz/
Line 3
This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.
/ðɪs ðeɪ hoʊpt tuː ɪˈfekt ɑːn ðə ərˈaɪvəl ʌv ə ˈpaʊərfəl ˈɑːrməmənt ˈaʊrli ɪkˈspektəd ənd dɪˈzaɪnd fɔːr ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃənz ɑːn ðə ˈsiːbɔːrd/
Line 4
At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.
Line 5
The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.
/ðə ˈwaɪldɪst rɪˈpɔːrts wɜːr ɪn ˈsɜːrkjəleɪʃən kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

armament noun US /ˈɑːrməmənt/

weaponry used by military or naval force

From this reading “This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.”

circulation noun US /ˈsɜːrkjəleɪʃən/

the dissemination of copies of periodicals (as newspapers or magazines)

From this reading “The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.”

hourly adjective US /ˈaʊrli/

occurring every hour or payable by the hour

From this reading “This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.”

Hudson noun US /ˈhʌdsən/

a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading “The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.”

juncture noun US /ˈdʒʌŋktʃər/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading “At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.”

seaboard noun US /ˈsiːbɔːrd/

the shore of a sea or ocean regarded as a resort

From this reading “This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.”

tories noun US /ˈtɔːriːz/

plural of “tory” — an American who favored the British side during the American Revolution

From this reading “At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.”

wildest adjective US /ˈwaɪldɪst/

superlative of “wild” — marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading “The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

critical juncture adjective + noun

In this reading “At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.”

get possession verb + noun

In this reading “The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.”

take up verb + adjective

pursue or resume

In this reading “At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.”

in circulation preposition + noun

In this reading “The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.”

in the city preposition + article + noun counted as “in … city”

In this reading “At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

aimverbUS /eɪm/

point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

alarmnounUS /əˈlɑːrm/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

armamentnounUS /ˈɑːrməmənt/

weaponry used by military or naval force

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

ARMYnounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading THE ARMY IN NEW YORK.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

basisnounUS /ˈbeɪsəs/

a relation that provides the foundation for something

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

circulationnounUS /ˈsɜːrkjəleɪʃən/

the dissemination of copies of periodicals (as newspapers or magazines)

From this reading The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

co-operate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

concerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.

conspiracynounUS /kənˈspɪrəsi/

a secret agreement between two or more people to perform an unlawful act

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

criticaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/

marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

designedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪnd/

done or made or performed with purpose and intent

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

hopedverbUS /hoʊpt/

past form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

hourlyadjectiveUS /ˈaʊrli/

occurring every hour or payable by the hour

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

HudsonnounUS /ˈhʌdsən/

a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE ARMY IN NEW YORK.

IslandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.

juncturenounUS /ˈdʒʌŋktʃər/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

LongadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

NEWadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading THE ARMY IN NEW YORK.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

operationsnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃənz/

financial transactions at a brokerage; having to do with the execution of trades and keeping customer records

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

reportsnounUS /rɪˈpɔːrts/

plural of “report” — a written document describing the findings of some individual or group

From this reading The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.

seaboardnounUS /ˈsiːbɔːrd/

the shore of a sea or ocean regarded as a resort

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ARMY IN NEW YORK.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This they hoped to effect on the arrival of a powerful armament, hourly expected, and designed for operations on the seaboard.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

toriesnounUS /ˈtɔːriːz/

plural of “tory” — an American who favored the British side during the American Revolution

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The great aim of the British, at present, was to get possession of New York and the Hudson, and make them the basis of military operations.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.

wildestadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪldɪst/

superlative of “wild” — marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading The wildest reports were in circulation concerning it.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading At this critical juncture there was an alarm of a conspiracy among the tories in the city and on Long Island, suddenly to take up arms and co-operate with the British troops on their arrival.

YORKnounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading THE ARMY IN NEW YORK.

Chapter 16 of The Student's Life of Washington by Washington Irving holds 229 sentences, grouped into 46 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of The Student's Life of Washington contain?

Chapter 16 holds 229 sentences of The Student's Life of Washington, unabridged, divided into 46 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of The Student's Life of Washington by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 229 sentences, grouped into 46 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of The Student's Life of Washington?

Work through the 46 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 46 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Student's Life of Washington

Common questions about reading The Student's Life of Washington by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Student's Life of Washington?

Yes. All 11720 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32987 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Student's Life of Washington is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32987, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Student's Life of Washington take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2344 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Student's Life of Washington

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Student's Life of Washington, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Revolution
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Student's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.