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The Student's Life of Washington
The Student's Life of Washington

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of The Student's Life of Washington is here in full — 401 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.
About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.
General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.
The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.
In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.
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The Student's Life of Washington

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of The Student's Life of Washington is here in full — 401 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.
Line 2
About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.
Line 3
General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.
Line 4
The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.
/ðə ˈɑːbdʒekts ʌv ðɪs ərˈeɪndʒmənt wɜːr ðə prəˈtekʃən ʌv ðə ˈkʌntri ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti ʌv ðə ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt poʊsts ɑːn ðə ˈhʌdsən ənd ðə ˈseɪfti ˈdɪsəplən ənd ˈiːzi səbˈsɪstəns ʌv ðə ˈɑːrmi/
Line 5
In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.
/ɪn ðə kɔːrs ʌv ðɪs ˈwɪntər hiː dɪˈvaɪzd ə plæn ʌv əˈlɑːrm ˈsɪɡnəlz wɪtʃ ˈdʒenərəl fəˈleɪmən ˈdɪkɪnsən wɑːz emˈplɔɪd tuː ˈkæri ˈɪntuː ɪˈfekt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Delaware noun US /ˈdeləwer/

a river that rises in the Catskills in southeastern New York and flows southward along the border of Pennsylvania with New York and New Jersey to northern Delaware where it empties into Delaware Bay

From this reading “About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.”

Dickinson noun US /ˈdɪkɪnsən/

United States poet noted for her mystical and unrhymed poems (1830-1886)

From this reading “In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.”

Jerseys noun US /ˈdʒɜːrziz/

plural of “jersey” — a Mid-Atlantic state on the Atlantic; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading “General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.”

Philemon noun US /fəˈleɪmən/

(Greek mythology) a simple countryman who offered hospitality to Zeus and Hermes when they came to earth without revealing their identities in order to test people's piety

From this reading “In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.”

ravages noun US /ˈrævɪdʒɪz/

plural of “ravage” — (usually plural) a destructive action

From this reading “WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.”

repulse verb US /riˈpʌls/

force or drive back

From this reading “WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.”

savannah noun US /səˈvænə/

a port in eastern Georgia near the mouth of the Savannah river

From this reading “WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.”

subsistence noun US /səbˈsɪstəns/

minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting

From this reading “The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

extending from verb + particle counted as “extend from”

In this reading “About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.”

into effect preposition + noun

In this reading “In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.”

carry into verb + particle

In this reading “In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.”

plan of verb + particle

In this reading “In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.”

for the winter preposition + article + noun counted as “for … winter”

In this reading “About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.”

CAPTURE OF verb + particle

In this reading “WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.”

In the course preposition + article + noun counted as “in … course”

In this reading “In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

AboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

alarmnounUS /əˈlɑːrm/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

arrangementnounUS /ərˈeɪndʒmənt/

the thing arranged or agreed to

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

cantonments

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

CAPTUREverbUS /ˈkæptʃər/

succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

carryverbUS /ˈkæri/

move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

commandedverbUS /kəˈmændɪd/

past form of “command” — be in command of

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

commander-in-chiefnoun

the officer who holds the supreme command

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

CONNECTICUTnounUS /kəˈnetəkət/

a New England state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

Danbury

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

DelawarenounUS /ˈdeləwer/

a river that rises in the Catskills in southeastern New York and flows southward along the border of Pennsylvania with New York and New Jersey to northern Delaware where it empties into Delaware Bay

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

devisedverbUS /dɪˈvaɪzd/

past form of “devise” — come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

DickinsonnounUS /ˈdɪkɪnsən/

United States poet noted for her mystical and unrhymed poems (1830-1886)

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

distributedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstrɪbjətəd/

spread out or scattered about or divided up

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

easyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

extendingverbUS /ɪkˈstendɪŋ/

-ing form of “extend” — extend in scope or range or area

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

head-quarters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

HighlandsnounUS /ˈhaɪləndz/

a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

HudsonnounUS /ˈhʌdsən/

a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

INDIANadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

IslandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

JerseysnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrziz/

plural of “jersey” — a Mid-Atlantic state on the Atlantic; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

LongadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

McDougall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

Middlebrook

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

objectsnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekts/

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

PHILADELPHIAnounUS /ˌfɪləˈdelfiə/

the largest city in Pennsylvania; located in the southeastern part of the state on the Delaware river; site of Independence Hall where the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were signed; site of the University of Pennsylvania

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

PhilemonnounUS /fəˈleɪmən/

(Greek mythology) a simple countryman who offered hospitality to Zeus and Hermes when they came to earth without revealing their identities in order to test people's piety

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

POINTnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

postsnounUS /poʊsts/

plural of “post” — the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

protectionnounUS /prəˈtekʃən/

the activity of protecting someone or something

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

Putnam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

RAVAGESnounUS /ˈrævɪdʒɪz/

plural of “ravage” — (usually plural) a destructive action

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

REPULSEverbUS /riˈpʌls/

force or drive back

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

safetynounUS /ˈseɪfti/

the state of being certain that adverse effects will not be caused by some agent under defined conditions

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

SAVANNAHnounUS /səˈvænə/

a port in eastern Georgia near the mouth of the Savannah river

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

securitynounUS /sɪˈkjʊrəti/

the state of being free from danger or injury

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

signalsnounUS /ˈsɪɡnəlz/

plural of “signal” — any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

SoundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

STONYadjectiveUS /ˈstoʊni/

abounding in rocks or stones

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

subsistencenounUS /səbˈsɪstəns/

minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The objects of this arrangement were the protection of the country; the security of the important posts on the Hudson, and the safety, discipline, and easy subsistence of the army.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

WARFAREnounUS /ˈwɔːrfer/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

WASHINGTONnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading WASHINGTON IN PHILADELPHIA.--INDIAN WARFARE.--CAPTURE OF STONY POINT.--RAVAGES IN CONNECTICUT.--REPULSE AT SAVANNAH.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In the course of this winter he devised a plan of alarm signals, which General Philemon Dickinson was employed to carry into effect.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading General Putnam commanded at Danbury, General McDougall in the Highlands, while the head-quarters of the commander-in-chief were near Middlebrook in the Jerseys.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading About the beginning of December, Washington distributed his troops for the winter in a line of strong cantonments extending from Long Island Sound to the Delaware.

Chapter 28 of The Student's Life of Washington by Washington Irving holds 401 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of The Student's Life of Washington contain?

Chapter 28 holds 401 sentences of The Student's Life of Washington, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of The Student's Life of Washington by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 401 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of The Student's Life of Washington?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Student's Life of Washington

Common questions about reading The Student's Life of Washington by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Student's Life of Washington?

Yes. All 11720 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32987 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Student's Life of Washington is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32987, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Student's Life of Washington take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2344 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Student's Life of Washington section by section

How to work through The Student's Life of Washington section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Student's Life of Washington to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Student's Life of Washington

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Student's Life of Washington, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Revolution
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Student's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Student's Life of Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.