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The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth
The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth is here in full — 454 sentences across 91 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth
Context Illustration Reading 1/90 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TUTOR.
And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!
PUPIL.
Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.
Surely they cannot be inhabited, can they?
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth is here in full — 454 sentences across 91 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/90 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TUTOR.
/ˈtuːtər/
Line 2
And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!
Line 3
PUPIL.
/ˈpjuːpəl/
Line 4
Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.
Line 5
Surely they cannot be inhabited, can they?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

amazing adjective US /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/

surprising greatly

From this reading “And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!”

celerity noun US /səˈlerəti/

a rate that is rapid

From this reading “And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!”

excessively adverb US /ɪkˈsesɪvli/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading “Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.”

inhabited adjective US /ˌɪnˈhæbətəd/

having inhabitants; lived in

From this reading “Surely they cannot be inhabited, can they?”

projectile noun US /prəˈdʒektəl/

a weapon that is forcibly thrown or projected at a targets but is not self-propelled

From this reading “And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!”

pupil noun US /ˈpjuːpəl/

a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading “PUPIL.”

transition noun US /trænˈzɪʃən/

the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading “And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!”

tutor verb US /ˈtuːtər/

be a tutor to someone; give individual instruction

From this reading “TUTOR.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fixed star adjective + noun

any star in the Ptolemaic theory of planetary motion

In this reading “Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.”

arrived at verb + particle counted as “arrive at”

reach a destination, either real or abstract

In this reading “And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

amazingadjectiveUS /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/

surprising greatly

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

aphelionnoun

apoapsis in solar orbit; the point in the orbit of a planet or comet that is at the greatest distance from the sun

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Surely they cannot be inhabited, can they?

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surely they cannot be inhabited, can they?

celeritynounUS /səˈlerəti/

a rate that is rapid

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

equalled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

excessivelyadverbUS /ɪkˈsesɪvli/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

inhabitedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈhæbətəd/

having inhabitants; lived in

From this reading Surely they cannot be inhabited, can they?

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

moveverbUS /muːv/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

projectilenounUS /prəˈdʒektəl/

a weapon that is forcibly thrown or projected at a targets but is not self-propelled

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

PUPILnounUS /ˈpjuːpəl/

a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading PUPIL.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

starnounUS /stɑːr/

(astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

SurelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Surely they cannot be inhabited, can they?

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

transitionnounUS /trænˈzɪʃən/

the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

TUTORverbUS /ˈtuːtər/

be a tutor to someone; give individual instruction

From this reading TUTOR.

weakadjectiveUS /wiːk/

wanting in physical strength

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

WonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading Wonderful, indeed!—Their motion is excessively slow, and the sun must appear little more than a fixed star.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading And that force, you know, must be equalled by the projectile force; so you find they move when near the sun with amazing celerity.—But when arrived at their aphelion, where the influence of the sun is weak, what a transition!

Chapter 3 of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth by John, teacher of astronomy Stedman holds 454 sentences, grouped into 91 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth contain?

Chapter 3 holds 454 sentences of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth, unabridged, divided into 91 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth by John, teacher of astronomy Stedman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 454 sentences, grouped into 91 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth?

Work through the 91 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 91 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth

Common questions about reading The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth by John, teacher of astronomy Stedman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth?

Yes. All 1811 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56289 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56289, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth take to read?

About 150 minutes of reading across 363 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth section by section

How to work through The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Explaining
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
General
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nomena
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heavenly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Astronomy, Adapted to the Capacities of Youth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.