Chapter VIII

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All the same, however, the plant continues to grow.

in addition

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

plural of “calf” — young of domestic cattle

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

third-person singular of “continue” — continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading All the same, however, the plant continues to grow.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

take in solid food

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

comparative of “empty” — holding or containing nothing

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

any federal law-enforcement officer

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

plural of “get” — a return on a shot that seemed impossible to reach and would normally have resulted in a point for the opponent

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

shoot down, of birds

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading All the same, however, the plant continues to grow.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

apart from others

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

and nothing more

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

plural of “material” — the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

try to cure by special care of treatment, of an illness or injury

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

extremely crowed or filled to capacity

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

Identical; not different.

From this reading All the same, however, the plant continues to grow.

cut with a saw

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

plural of “seedling” — young plant or tree grown from a seed

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

a complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and rice

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

plural of “store” — a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

inflected form of “supply” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Surely it cannot do this on nothing, any more than an animal could?

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading All the same, however, the plant continues to grow.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

at the time that

From this reading But we also saw that as the plant gets older these stores get emptier, and finally the nurse leaves shrivel up entirely when their contents are exhausted.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

in the company of; together with

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading When the young calves cease to be fed with milk, their food changes, and they begin to eat grass; this gives them individually more work, for grass is not a “prepared food” like milk.

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading FOOD MATERIALS OF THE OLDER PLANT (1) IN THE SOIL As we have just seen, young seedlings are supplied with stores of food, starch, and other things, which are packed in their cotyledons and are used up by them as they grow.