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The Study of Plant Life
The Study of Plant Life

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of The Study of Plant Life is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.
But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.
You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.
You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.
In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Study of Plant Life

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of The Study of Plant Life is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.
/bʌdz ðə ˈprɑːpər taɪm tuː ˈstʌdi bʌdz ɪn ˈneɪtʃər ɪz ðə sprɪŋ bʌt ðen juː wɪl hæv tuː weɪt lɔːŋ tuː siː ɔːl ðə ˈdɪfərənt ˈsteɪdʒəz ʌv ðer sloʊ ənˈfoʊldɪŋ/
Line 2
But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.
/bʌt ðeɪ kæn biː meɪd tuː ˈoʊ.pən ˌɑːrtəˈfɪʃəli ənd ɪt ɪz ˈrɪli waɪz tuː ˈstʌdi bʌdz ɪn ˈwɪntər wen ðer ɑːr nɑːt soʊ ˈmeni ˈʌðər θɪŋz tuː duː/
Line 3
You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.
/juː kæn ərˈeɪndʒ ðɪs ˈveri wel ɪf ɪn ðə leɪt ˈɔːtəm juː kʌt ɔːf ˈferli bɪɡ ˈbræntʃəz wɪð bʌdz ɑːn ðem hɔːrs ˈtʃesnʌt ɪz ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli ɡʊd fɔːr ðɪs ənd kiːp ðem ɪn ə wɔːrm ruːm/
Line 4
You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.
/juː mʌst ʌv kɔːrs kiːp ðə kʌt endz ʌv ðer stɔːks ɪn ˈwɔːtər wɪtʃ juː ʃʊd tʃeɪndʒ ˈevəri θriː ɔːr fɔːr deɪz səmˈtaɪmz ˈkʌtɪŋ ɔːf ə piːs frʌm ðə endz ʌv ðə ˈbræntʃəz soʊ ðæt ðeɪ hæv ə freʃ ˈsɜːrfəs ɪkˈspoʊzd tuː ðə ˈwɔːtər/
Line 5
In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.
/ɪn ðɪs weɪ ðeɪ ʃʊd laɪv fɔːr mʌnθs ənd meɪ dʒʌst bɪˈɡɪn tuː ənˈfoʊld ənd ʃoʊ freʃ jʌŋ ɡriːn liːvz əˈbaʊt ˈkrɪsməs taɪm wen ðə bʌdz ɑːn ðə triːz aʊt ɪn ðə koʊld ɑːr stɪl ˈtaɪtli pækt ʌp/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arrange verb US /ərˈeɪndʒ/

put into a proper or systematic order

From this reading “You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.”

artificially adverb US /ˌɑːrtəˈfɪʃəli/

not according to nature; not by natural means

From this reading “But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.”

buds noun US /bʌdz/

plural of “bud” — a partially opened flower

From this reading “BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.”

chestnut adjective US /ˈtʃesnʌt/

(of hair or feathers) of a golden brown to reddish brown color

From this reading “You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.”

stages noun US /ˈsteɪdʒəz/

plural of “stage” — any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading “BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.”

stalks noun US /stɔːks/

plural of “stalk” — material consisting of seed coverings and small pieces of stem or leaves that have been separated from the seeds

From this reading “You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.”

unfold verb US /ənˈfoʊld/

develop or come to a promising stage

From this reading “In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.”

unfolding noun US /ənˈfoʊldɪŋ/

a developmental process

From this reading “BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

green leaves noun + noun counted as “green leaf”

In this reading “In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.”

cut off verb + particle

make a break in

In this reading “You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.”

late autumn adjective + noun

In this reading “You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.”

four days noun + noun

In this reading “You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.”

other things adjective + noun

In this reading “But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.”

of course preposition + noun

as might be expected

In this reading “You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.”

different stages adjective + noun counted as “different stage”

In this reading “BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.”

proper time adjective + noun

In this reading “BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

arrangeverbUS /ərˈeɪndʒ/

put into a proper or systematic order

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

artificiallyadverbUS /ˌɑːrtəˈfɪʃəli/

not according to nature; not by natural means

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

BUDSnounUS /bʌdz/

plural of “bud” — a partially opened flower

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

chestnutadjectiveUS /ˈtʃesnʌt/

(of hair or feathers) of a golden brown to reddish brown color

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

cuttingnounUS /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

endsnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

exposedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspoʊzd/

with no protection or shield

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

fairlyadverbUS /ˈferli/

to certain extent or degree

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

packedadjectiveUS /pækt/

extremely crowed or filled to capacity

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

particularlyadverbUS /ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

stagesnounUS /ˈsteɪdʒəz/

plural of “stage” — any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

stalksnounUS /stɔːks/

plural of “stalk” — material consisting of seed coverings and small pieces of stem or leaves that have been separated from the seeds

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

tightlyadverbUS /ˈtaɪtli/

in a tight or constricted manner

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

unfoldverbUS /ənˈfoʊld/

develop or come to a promising stage

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

unfoldingnounUS /ənˈfoʊldɪŋ/

a developmental process

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

waitverbUS /weɪt/

stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading You must, of course, keep the cut ends of their stalks in water, which you should change every three or four days, sometimes cutting off a piece from the ends of the branches so that they have a fresh surface exposed to the water.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading But they can be made to open artificially, and it is really wise to study buds in winter, when there are not so many other things to do.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading You can arrange this very well if in the late autumn you cut off fairly big branches with buds on them (horse chestnut is particularly good for this) and keep them in a warm room.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading BUDS The proper time to study buds in nature is the spring, but then you will have to wait long to see all the different stages of their slow unfolding.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading In this way they should live for months, and may just begin to unfold and show fresh young green leaves about Christmas time, when the buds on the trees out in the cold are still tightly packed up.

Chapter 17 of The Study of Plant Life by Marie Carmichael Stopes holds 59 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of The Study of Plant Life contain?

Chapter 17 holds 59 sentences of The Study of Plant Life, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of The Study of Plant Life by Marie Carmichael Stopes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 59 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of The Study of Plant Life?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Study of Plant Life

Common questions about reading The Study of Plant Life by Marie Carmichael Stopes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Study of Plant Life?

Yes. All 1900 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59106 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Study of Plant Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59106, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Study of Plant Life take to read?

About 158 minutes of reading across 380 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Study of Plant Life section by section

How to work through The Study of Plant Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of The Study of Plant Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Study of Plant Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Study of Plant Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stopes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enterprising
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Attempt
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.