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The Study of Plant Life
The Study of Plant Life

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of The Study of Plant Life is here in full — 56 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Study of Plant Life
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.
Now let us watch them develop.
In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.
Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.
As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Study of Plant Life

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of The Study of Plant Life is here in full — 56 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.
Line 2
Now let us watch them develop.
/naʊ let ʌs wɑːtʃ ðem dɪˈveləp/
Line 3
In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.
Line 4
Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.
/mɑːrk ə ˈspeʃəl ˈflaʊər ənd wɑːtʃ ɪt iːtʃ deɪ juː wɪl faɪnd ðə ˈlɪtəl ɡriːn pɑːd wɪl ˈɡrædʒuːəli ɡroʊ ˈbɪɡər tɪl ɪt splɪts əˈweɪ ðə ˈpetəlz wɪtʃ ɑːr bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ tuː ˈwɪðər ənd ˈpʊʃəz aʊt bɪˈtwiːn ðem/
Line 5
As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.
/æz ðə pɑːd ɡets ˈlɑːrdʒər juː kæn siː ðə siːdz wɪˈðɪn ˈɡroʊɪŋ tuː ɪf juː lʊk æt ðə pɑːd ˈkerfəli əˈɡenst ðə laɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

develop verb US /dɪˈveləp/

make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation

From this reading “Now let us watch them develop.”

pea noun US /piː/

seed of a pea plant used for food

From this reading “In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.”

petals noun US /ˈpetəlz/

plural of “petal” — part of the perianth that is usually brightly colored

From this reading “Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.”

pod noun US /pɑːd/

the vessel that contains the seeds of a plant (not the seeds themselves)

From this reading “Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.”

pushes noun US /ˈpʊʃəz/

plural of “push” — the act of applying force in order to move something away

From this reading “Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.”

splits noun US /splɪts/

plural of “split” — extending the legs at right angles to the trunk (one in front and the other in back)

From this reading “Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.”

structures noun US /ˈstrʌktʃərz/

plural of “structure” — a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts

From this reading “FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.”

wither verb US /ˈwɪðər/

wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading “Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sweet pea adjective + noun

climbing garden plant having fragrant pastel-colored flowers

In this reading “In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.”

grow bigger verb + adjective

In this reading “Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.”

look at verb + particle

take into consideration for exemplifying purposes

In this reading “As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.”

for example preposition + noun

as an example

In this reading “In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.”

pushes out verb + adjective counted as “push out”

push to thrust outward

In this reading “Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.”

little green adjective + noun

In this reading “Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

biggeradjectiveUS /ˈbɪɡər/

large or big relative to something else

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

carpels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

developverbUS /dɪˈveləp/

make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation

From this reading Now let us watch them develop.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

flowernounUS /ˈflaʊər/

a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

FRUITSnounUS /fruːts/

plural of “fruit” — the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

getsnounUS /ɡets/

plural of “get” — a return on a shot that seemed impossible to reach and would normally have resulted in a point for the opponent

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

growverbUS /ɡroʊ/

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

largeradjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒər/

large or big relative to something else

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Now let us watch them develop.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

MarkverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now let us watch them develop.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

peanounUS /piː/

seed of a pea plant used for food

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

petalsnounUS /ˈpetəlz/

plural of “petal” — part of the perianth that is usually brightly colored

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

podnounUS /pɑːd/

the vessel that contains the seeds of a plant (not the seeds themselves)

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

protectedadjectiveUS /prəˈtektɪd/

kept safe or defended from danger or injury or loss

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

pushesnounUS /ˈpʊʃəz/

plural of “push” — the act of applying force in order to move something away

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

seed-box

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

SEEDSnounUS /siːdz/

plural of “seed” — a small hard fruit

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

shutverbUS /ʃʌt/

move so that an opening or passage is obstructed; make shut

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

splitsnounUS /splɪts/

plural of “split” — extending the legs at right angles to the trunk (one in front and the other in back)

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

structuresnounUS /ˈstrʌktʃərz/

plural of “structure” — a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

summer-time

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Now let us watch them develop.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In such flowers as the sweet pea, for example, in summer-time, this will not take very long.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading As the pod gets larger you can see the seeds within growing too, if you look at the pod carefully against the light.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Now let us watch them develop.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading Now let us watch them develop.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

witherverbUS /ˈwɪðər/

wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

WithinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Mark a special flower, and watch it each day; you will find the little green pod will gradually grow bigger, till it splits away the petals which are beginning to wither, and pushes out between them.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading FRUITS AND SEEDS Within the flowers we saw, protected and shut in, the carpels or seed-box, within which are the very young structures which will become seeds.

Chapter 19 of The Study of Plant Life by Marie Carmichael Stopes holds 56 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The Study of Plant Life contain?

Chapter 19 holds 56 sentences of The Study of Plant Life, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The Study of Plant Life by Marie Carmichael Stopes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 56 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The Study of Plant Life?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Study of Plant Life

Common questions about reading The Study of Plant Life by Marie Carmichael Stopes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Study of Plant Life?

Yes. All 1900 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59106 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Study of Plant Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59106, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Study of Plant Life take to read?

About 158 minutes of reading across 380 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Study of Plant Life section by section

How to work through The Study of Plant Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of The Study of Plant Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Study of Plant Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Study of Plant Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stopes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enterprising
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Attempt
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.