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The Study of Plant Life
The Study of Plant Life

Chapter XXXVIII

Chapter 38 of The Study of Plant Life is here in full — 134 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.
It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.
~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.
Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.
If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Study of Plant Life

Chapter XXXVIII

Chapter 38 of The Study of Plant Life is here in full — 134 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.
Line 2
It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.
Line 3
~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.
/ɪn ərˈeɪndʒɪŋ æn ɪkˈskɜːrʒən ɔːr wʌt ɪz fɑːr ˈbetər ə ˈsɪriz ʌv ɪkˈskɜːrʒənz ˈɪntuː ðə ˈkʌntri ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt θɪŋ tuː hæv ɪz ə plæn ʌv ˈækʃən/
Line 4
Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.
/duː nɑːt ˈwɑːndər ˈeɪmləsli ɪn ðə wʊdz əˈtræktɪd frʌm saɪd tuː saɪd baɪ ɔːl ðæt kʌmz ɪn jɔːr weɪ tʃuːz ˈræðər sʌm ˈspeʃəl set ʌv θɪŋz tuː kəˈlekt ənd ˈstʌdi/
Line 5
If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.
/ɪf ðer ɑːr ˈsevrəl ʌv juː təˈɡeðər ðen iːtʃ wʌn ʃʊd hæv ə pərˈtɪkjələr səbˈdʒekt əˈbaʊt wɪtʃ tuː meɪk noʊts ənd kəˈlekʃənz ðen ˈæftərwərdz ɔːl ðə ˈmembərz ʌv ðə ɪkˈskɜːrʒən ˈpɑːrti ʃʊd miːt təˈɡeðər ənd kəmˈper ðer rɪˈzʌlts ənd ʃoʊ iːtʃ ˈʌðər ˈeni ˈɪntrəstɪŋ ˈspesəmənz əbˈteɪnd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aimlessly adverb US /ˈeɪmləsli/

without aim; in an aimless manner

From this reading “Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.”

arranging noun US /ərˈeɪndʒɪŋ/

the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music

From this reading “~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.”

collecting noun US /kəˈlektɪŋ/

the act of gathering something together

From this reading “EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.”

collections noun US /kəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “collection” — several things grouped together or considered as a whole

From this reading “If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.”

excursion noun US /ɪkˈskɜːrʒən/

a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading “EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.”

excursions noun US /ɪkˈskɜːrʒənz/

plural of “excursion” — a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading “EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.”

naming noun US /ˈneɪmɪŋ/

the verbal act of naming

From this reading “It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.”

specimens noun US /ˈspesəmənz/

plural of “specimen” — an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading “If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

wander aimlessly verb + particle

In this reading “Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.”

most important adverb + adjective

In this reading “~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.”

fully prepared adverb + adjective

In this reading “EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.”

important thing adjective + noun

In this reading “It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.”

far better adverb + adjective

In this reading “~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.”

of course preposition + noun

as might be expected

In this reading “It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.”

in reality preposition + noun

used to imply that one would expect the fact to be the opposite of that stated; surprisingly

In this reading “It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.”

look up verb + adjective

seek information from

In this reading “EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.”

All words in this reading · 118

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading ~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

aimlesslyadverbUS /ˈeɪmləsli/

without aim; in an aimless manner

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

arrangingnounUS /ərˈeɪndʒɪŋ/

the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music

From this reading ~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

attractedverbUS /əˈtræktɪd/

past form of “attract” — direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading ~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

botanising

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

chooseverbUS /tʃuːz/

pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

collectverbUS /kəˈlekt/

get or gather together

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

COLLECTINGnounUS /kəˈlektɪŋ/

the act of gathering something together

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

collectionsnounUS /kəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “collection” — several things grouped together or considered as a whole

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

comesnounUS /kʌmz/

plural of “come” — the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

compareverbUS /kəmˈper/

examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading ~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

day'snounUS /deɪz/

possessive form of “day” — time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

excursionnounUS /ɪkˈskɜːrʒən/

a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

EXCURSIONSnounUS /ɪkˈskɜːrʒənz/

plural of “excursion” — a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading ~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

FloranounUS /ˈflɔːrə/

all the plant life in a particular region or period

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

fullyadverbUS /ˈfʊli/

to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading ~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading ~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

namingnounUS /ˈneɪmɪŋ/

the verbal act of naming

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

notesnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

obtainedverbUS /əbˈteɪnd/

past form of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading ~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

plantverbUS /plænt/

put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

plantsnounUS /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

resultsnounUS /rɪˈzʌlts/

plural of “result” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

seriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading ~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

specimensnounUS /ˈspesəmənz/

plural of “specimen” — an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

suggestedverbUS /səˈdʒestɪd/

past form of “suggest” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

tinnounUS /tɪn/

a silvery malleable metallic element that resists corrosion; used in many alloys and to coat other metals to prevent corrosion; obtained chiefly from cassiterite where it occurs as tin oxide

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading If there are several of you together, then each one should have a particular subject about which to make notes and collections; then afterwards all the members of the excursion party should meet together and compare their results, and show each other any interesting specimens obtained.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

wanderverbUS /ˈwɑːndər/

move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading ~In arranging an excursion~, or what is far better, a series of excursions into the country, ~the most important thing to have is a plan of action~.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It is, of course, a very useful thing to learn the names of the flowers you find, because you cannot even speak of a plant if you do not know its name, but the ~mere~ naming is in reality the least interesting and important thing about them, as you will know if you have followed the study of plants in the way suggested in this book.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading Do not wander aimlessly in the woods, attracted from side to side by all that comes in your way; choose rather some special set of things to collect and study.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading EXCURSIONS AND COLLECTING When you plan an excursion do not take your collecting tin and a “Flora” in which to look up the names of all you find, and then imagine that you are fully prepared for a day’s botanising.

Chapter 38 of The Study of Plant Life by Marie Carmichael Stopes holds 134 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 38 of The Study of Plant Life contain?

Chapter 38 holds 134 sentences of The Study of Plant Life, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 38 of The Study of Plant Life by Marie Carmichael Stopes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 134 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 38 of The Study of Plant Life?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 38 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 38 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Study of Plant Life

Common questions about reading The Study of Plant Life by Marie Carmichael Stopes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Study of Plant Life?

Yes. All 1900 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59106 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Study of Plant Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59106, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Study of Plant Life take to read?

About 158 minutes of reading across 380 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Study of Plant Life section by section

How to work through The Study of Plant Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of The Study of Plant Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Study of Plant Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Study of Plant Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stopes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enterprising
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Attempt
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Study of Plant Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.