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The subaltern
The subaltern

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The subaltern is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The subaltern
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.
The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.
For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.
In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.
Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The subaltern

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The subaltern is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.
/ðʌs pæst ˈnɪrli fɔːr wiːks ðə ˈweðər ˈveriɪŋ æz æt ðɪs ˈsiːzən ɪt ɪz ˈevriwer ˈlaɪəbəl tuː duː frʌm wet tuː draɪ ənd frʌm stɔːrm tuː kɑːm/
Line 2
The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.
Line 3
For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.
/fɔːr maɪ oʊn pɑːrt aɪ pərˈsuːd maɪ ˈɔːrdəneri ruːˈtiːn ˈʃuːtɪŋ ɔːr ˈfɪʃɪŋ ɔːl deɪ lɔːŋ weˈnevər ˈleʒər wɑːz əˈfɔːrdəd ɔːr ˈræmblɪŋ əˈbaʊt əˈmɪd ˈsiːnəri ɡrænd bɪˈɑːnd ɔːl ˈpaʊər ʌv ˈlæŋɡwədʒ tuː dɪˈskraɪb/
Line 4
In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.
/ɪn wʌn ʌv ðiːz ɪkˈskɜːrʒənz aɪ ˈstʌmbəld əˈpɑːn əˈnʌðər keɪv ˈsɪmələr ɪn ɔːl rɪˈspekts tuː ðoʊz wɪtʃ aɪ hæd bɪˈfɔːr bɪn ˈhɪndərd frʌm ɪkˈsplɔːrɪŋ/
Line 5
Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.
/dɪˈtɜːrmənd nɑːt tuː biː ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd ðɪs taɪm aɪ rɪˈtɜːrnd ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli tuː ðə kæmp wer prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˌmaɪˈself wɪð ə dɑːrk ˈlæntərn ənd ˈteɪkɪŋ ə drɔːn sɔːrd ɪn maɪ hænd aɪ ˈheɪsənd bæk tuː ðə spɑːt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

excursions noun US /ɪkˈskɜːrʒənz/

plural of “excursion” — a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading “In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.”

exploring verb US /ɪkˈsplɔːrɪŋ/

-ing form of “explore” — inquire into

From this reading “In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.”

flanking verb US /ˈflæŋkɪŋ/

-ing form of “flank” — be located at the sides of something or somebody

From this reading “The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.”

Foundry noun US /ˈfaʊndri/

factory where metal castings are produced

From this reading “The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.”

hindered verb US /ˈhɪndərd/

past form of “hinder” — be a hindrance or obstacle to

From this reading “In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.”

providing verb US /prəˈvaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading “Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.”

rambling adjective US /ˈræmblɪŋ/

spreading out in different directions or distributed irregularly

From this reading “For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.”

varying adjective US /ˈveriɪŋ/

marked by diversity or difference

From this reading “Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

ordinary routine noun + noun

In this reading “For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.”

drawn sword adjective + noun

In this reading “Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.”

dark lantern noun + noun

a lantern with a single opening and a sliding panel that can be closed to conceal the light

In this reading “Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.”

stumbled upon verb + particle counted as “stumble upon”

In this reading “In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.”

four weeks noun + noun counted as “four week”

In this reading “Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.”

hastened back verb + particle counted as “hasten back”

In this reading “Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.”

all respects adjective + noun

In this reading “In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.”

own part verb + noun

In this reading “For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

affordedverbUS /əˈfɔːrdəd/

past form of “afford” — be able to spare or give up

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

assailableadjective

not defended or capable of being defended

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

calmverbUS /kɑːm/

make calm or still

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

cavenounUS /keɪv/

a geological formation consisting of an underground enclosure with access from the surface of the ground or from the sea

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

commandingadjectiveUS /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

completedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpliːtəd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

describeverbUS /dɪˈskraɪb/

give a description of

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

DeterminedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

disappointedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/

disappointingly unsuccessful

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

everywhereadverbUS /ˈevriwer/

to or in any or all places

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

excursionsnounUS /ɪkˈskɜːrʒənz/

plural of “excursion” — a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

exploringverbUS /ɪkˈsplɔːrɪŋ/

-ing form of “explore” — inquire into

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

fishingnounUS /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/

the act of someone who fishes as a diversion

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

flankingverbUS /ˈflæŋkɪŋ/

-ing form of “flank” — be located at the sides of something or somebody

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

Fontarabia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

FoundrynounUS /ˈfaʊndri/

factory where metal castings are produced

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

grandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

hastenedverbUS /ˈheɪsənd/

past form of “hasten” — act or move at high speed

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

hinderedverbUS /ˈhɪndərd/

past form of “hinder” — be a hindrance or obstacle to

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

lanternnounUS /ˈlæntərn/

light in a transparent protective case

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

leisurenounUS /ˈleʒər/

time available for ease and relaxation

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

liableadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪəbəl/

at risk of or subject to experiencing something usually unpleasant

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

providingverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

pursuednounUS /pərˈsuːd/

a person who is being chased

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

ramblingadjectiveUS /ˈræmblɪŋ/

spreading out in different directions or distributed irregularly

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

redoubts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

respectsnounUS /rɪˈspekts/

(often used with “pay”) a formal expression of esteem

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

routinenounUS /ruːˈtiːn/

an unvarying or habitual method or procedure

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

scenerynounUS /ˈsiːnəri/

the painted structures of a stage set that are intended to suggest a particular locale

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

sedulouslyadverb

in a sedulous manner

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

seven-and-thirty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

shootingnounUS /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

similaradjectiveUS /ˈsɪmələr/

marked by correspondence or resemblance

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

stumbledverbUS /ˈstʌmbəld/

past form of “stumble” — walk unsteadily

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

varyingadjectiveUS /ˈveriɪŋ/

marked by diversity or difference

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading Thus passed nearly four weeks, the weather varying, as at this season it is everywhere liable to do, from wet to dry, and from storm to calm.

wheneverconjunctionUS /weˈnevər/

at any time that; every time that

From this reading For my own part, I pursued my ordinary routine, shooting or fishing all day long, whenever leisure was afforded, or rambling about amid scenery grand beyond all power of language to describe.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In one of these excursions I stumbled upon another cave, similar in all respects to those which I had before been hindered from exploring.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Determined not to be disappointed this time, I returned immediately to the camp, where, providing myself with a dark lantern, and taking a drawn sword in my hand, I hastened back to the spot.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The troops worked sedulously at the redoubts, till seven-and-thirty, commanding and flanking all the most assailable points between Fontarabia and the Foundry, were completed.

Chapter 7 of The subaltern by G. R. (George Robert) Gleig holds 115 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The subaltern contain?

Chapter 7 holds 115 sentences of The subaltern, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The subaltern by G. R. (George Robert) Gleig exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 115 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The subaltern?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The subaltern

Common questions about reading The subaltern by G. R. (George Robert) Gleig on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The subaltern?

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Which edition of The subaltern is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The subaltern take to read?

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Vocabulary met early in The subaltern

Words and structures a reader meets early in The subaltern, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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