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The subaltern
The subaltern

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The subaltern is here in full — 110 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.
On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.
She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.
Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.
Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The subaltern

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The subaltern is here in full — 110 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.
Line 2
On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.
Line 3
She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.
/ʃiː hæd leɪn ðer æz ɪt əˈpɪrd fɔːr sʌm taɪm ənd ˌæprɪˈhensɪv ʌv ˈfɑːlɪŋ ˈɪntuː ˈaʊər hændz hæd ˈventʃərd ɑːn ðæt deɪ tuː pʊt tuː siː bʌt ˈbiːɪŋ əbˈzɜːrvd baɪ ə brɪɡ ənd ðə ˈskuːnər əˈbʌv əˈluːdɪd tuː ʃiː wɑːz ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli ˈfɑːloʊd ənd ˈæftər æn ˈækʃən ʌv ˈnɪrli æn ˈaʊərz kənˈtɪnjuːəns ʃiː bluː ʌp/
Line 4
Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.
/ˈweðər hɜːr kruː hæd əˈbændənd hɜːr ˈpriːviəs tuː ðə ɪkˈsploʊʒən aɪ hæd noʊ miːnz ʌv ˌæsərˈteɪnɪŋ/
Line 5
Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.
/ˈmiːnwaɪl əˈmʌŋ aʊərˈselvz ənd θruːˈaʊt ðə ˈdɪfərənt dɪˈvɪʒənz kənˈtɪɡjuːəs tuː ʌs ə ˈsaɪ.ləns laɪk ðæt ʌv ə kɑːm bɪˈfɔːr ə stɔːrm prɪˈveɪld/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apprehensive adjective US /ˌæprɪˈhensɪv/

quick to understand

From this reading “She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.”

ascertaining verb US /ˌæsərˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “ascertain” — establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study

From this reading “Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.”

contiguous adjective US /kənˈtɪɡjuːəs/

very close or connected in space or time

From this reading “Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.”

continuance noun US /kənˈtɪnjuːəns/

the act of continuing an activity without interruption

From this reading “She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.”

cruisers noun US /ˈkruːzərz/

plural of “cruiser” — a car in which policemen cruise the streets; equipped with radiotelephonic communications to headquarters

From this reading “On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.”

divisions noun US /dɪˈvɪʒənz/

plural of “division” — an army unit large enough to sustain combat

From this reading “Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.”

occurring verb US /əˈkɜːrɪŋ/

inflected form of “occur” — come to pass

From this reading “The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.”

recital noun US /rəˈsaɪtəl/

the act of giving an account describing incidents or a course of events

From this reading “The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

some time adjective + noun

In this reading “She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.”

passed over verb + particle counted as “pass over”

bypass

In this reading “The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.”

any event adjective + noun

In this reading “The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.”

blew up verb + adjective counted as “blow up”

cause to burst with a violent release of energy

In this reading “She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.”

lain there verb + particle counted as “lie there”

In this reading “She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

8th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

9th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

abandonedadjectiveUS /əˈbændənd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

alludedverbUS /əˈluːdɪd/

past form of “allude” — make a more or less disguised reference to

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

apprehensiveadjectiveUS /ˌæprɪˈhensɪv/

quick to understand

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

ascertainingverbUS /ˌæsərˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “ascertain” — establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study

From this reading Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

blewverbUS /bluː/

inflected form of “blow” — exhale hard

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

brignounUS /brɪɡ/

two-masted sailing vessel square-rigged on both masts

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

calmverbUS /kɑːm/

make calm or still

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

contiguousadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪɡjuːəs/

very close or connected in space or time

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

continuancenounUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəns/

the act of continuing an activity without interruption

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

crewnounUS /kruː/

the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.

cruisersnounUS /ˈkruːzərz/

plural of “cruiser” — a car in which policemen cruise the streets; equipped with radiotelephonic communications to headquarters

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

destroyedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstrɔɪd/

spoiled or ruined or demolished

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

divisionsnounUS /dɪˈvɪʒənz/

plural of “division” — an army unit large enough to sustain combat

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

eventnounUS /ɪˈvent/

something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

explosionnounUS /ɪkˈsploʊʒən/

a violent release of energy caused by a chemical or nuclear reaction

From this reading Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

gun-brig

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

harbourverbUS /ˈhɑːrbər/

secretly shelter (as of fugitives or criminals)

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.

hour'snounUS /ˈaʊərz/

possessive form of “hour” — a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

JeannounUS /dʒiːn/

a coarse durable twill-weave cotton fabric

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

lainverbUS /leɪn/

inflected form of “lie” — be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

Luz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.

MeanwhileadverbUS /ˈmiːnwaɪl/

at the same time but in another place

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

observedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

occurringverbUS /əˈkɜːrɪŋ/

inflected form of “occur” — come to pass

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

prevailedverbUS /prɪˈveɪld/

past form of “prevail” — be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

recitalnounUS /rəˈsaɪtəl/

the act of giving an account describing incidents or a course of events

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

satisfactionnounUS /ˌsætəˈsfækʃən/

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

schoonernounUS /ˈskuːnər/

a large beer glass

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Meanwhile, among ourselves, and throughout the different divisions contiguous to us, a silence like that of a calm before a storm prevailed.

venturedverbUS /ˈventʃərd/

past form of “venture” — proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She had lain there, as it appeared, for some time, and, apprehensive of falling into our hands, had ventured on that day to put to sea; but, being observed by a brig, and the schooner above alluded to, she was immediately followed, and after an action of nearly an hour's continuance, she blew up.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading On the former of these days, indeed, we had the satisfaction to see a French gun-brig destroyed by one of our light cruisers, a small schooner, off the harbour of St Jean de Luz.

WhetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Whether her crew had abandoned her previous to the explosion I had no means of ascertaining.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading The 8th and 9th of November passed over without any event occurring worthy of recital.

Chapter 9 of The subaltern by G. R. (George Robert) Gleig holds 110 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of The subaltern contain?

Chapter 9 holds 110 sentences of The subaltern, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of The subaltern by G. R. (George Robert) Gleig exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 110 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of The subaltern?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The subaltern

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Vocabulary met early in The subaltern

Words and structures a reader meets early in The subaltern, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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