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The subaltern
The subaltern

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of The subaltern is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.
It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.
My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.
Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.
My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The subaltern

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of The subaltern is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.
/aɪ ərˈoʊz nekst ˈmɔːrnɪŋ riˈfreʃt ənd ˈvɪɡərəs ənd priˈperd tuː ˈfɑːloʊ maɪ ˈɔːrdəneri ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃən ʌv ˈʃuːtɪŋ/
Line 2
It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.
/ɪt wɑːz ə klɪr ˈfrɔːsti deɪ ðə sʌn wɑːz ˈʃaɪnɪŋ ˈbraɪtli ˈoʊvərˈhed ənd ə ˈθaʊzənd ˈlɪtəl bɜːrdz wɜːr rɪˈdʒɔɪsɪŋ ɪn ðə wɔːrmθ ʌv hɪz biːmz/
Line 3
My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.
/maɪ dɑːɡz wɜːr ɪn haɪ kənˈdɪʃən maɪ ɡʌn wɑːz kliːn ənd ɪn ɡʊd ˈɔːrdər ənd ˌmaɪˈself bɪɡ wɪð ðə dɪˌtɜːrməˈneɪʃən nɑːt tuː ˈfaɪər ɪn tuː ɡreɪt ə ˈhɜːri bʌt tuː biː ʃʊr ʌv maɪ eɪm bɪˈfɔːr aɪ pʊld ðə ˈtrɪɡər/
Line 4
Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.
/ðʌs əˈtendɪd ənd ðʌs ˈænəmeɪtɪd aɪ set fɔːrθ ˈæftər ˈbrekfəst ənd ˈhævɪŋ ˈpriːviəsli ˌæsərˈteɪnd ðə ˈfeɪvərɪt hɔːnt ʌv ə her wɪtʃ hæd mɔːr ðæn wʌns ɪˈskeɪpt miː aɪ tɜːrnd maɪ steps təˈwɔːrdz ɪt/
Line 5
My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ascertained adjective US /ˌæsərˈteɪnd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading “Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.”

frosty adjective US /ˈfrɔːsti/

devoid of warmth and cordiality; expressive of unfriendliness or disdain

From this reading “It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.”

hare noun US /her/

swift timid long-eared mammal larger than a rabbit having a divided upper lip and long hind legs; young born furred and with open eyes

From this reading “Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.”

haunt verb US /hɔːnt/

follow stealthily or recur constantly and spontaneously to

From this reading “Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.”

refreshed adjective US /riˈfreʃt/

with restored energy

From this reading “I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.”

rejoicing noun US /rɪˈdʒɔɪsɪŋ/

a feeling of great happiness

From this reading “It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.”

spaniel noun US /ˈspænjəl/

any of several breeds of small to medium-sized gun dogs with a long silky coat and long frilled ears

From this reading “My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.”

trigger verb US /ˈtrɪɡər/

put in motion or move to act

From this reading “My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next morning adjective + noun

In this reading “I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.”

set forth verb + particle

state

In this reading “Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.”

little birds adjective + noun counted as “little bird”

In this reading “It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.”

too great adverb + adjective

In this reading “My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.”

haunt of verb + particle

In this reading “Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.”

report of verb + particle

In this reading “My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.”

good order adjective + noun

In this reading “My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

aimverbUS /eɪm/

point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

animatedadjectiveUS /ˈænəmeɪtɪd/

having life or vigor or spirit

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

aroseverbUS /ərˈoʊz/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

ascertainedadjectiveUS /ˌæsərˈteɪnd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

attractedverbUS /əˈtræktɪd/

past form of “attract” — direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

beamsnounUS /biːmz/

plural of “beam” — a signal transmitted along a narrow path; guides airplane pilots in darkness or bad weather

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

begunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

brightlyadverbUS /ˈbraɪtli/

with brightness

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

cannonnounUS /ˈkænən/

a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

cleanadjectiveUS /kliːn/

free from dirt or impurities; or having clean habits

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

determinationnounUS /dɪˌtɜːrməˈneɪʃən/

the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

dogsnounUS /dɑːɡz/

plural of “dog” — a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

escapedadjectiveUS /ɪˈskeɪpt/

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

faithfuladjectiveUS /ˈfeɪθfəl/

steadfast in affection or allegiance

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

favouritenounUS /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

a competitor thought likely to win

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

fowling-piece

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

frostyadjectiveUS /ˈfrɔːsti/

devoid of warmth and cordiality; expressive of unfriendliness or disdain

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

gunnounUS /ɡʌn/

a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

harenounUS /her/

swift timid long-eared mammal larger than a rabbit having a divided upper lip and long hind legs; young born furred and with open eyes

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

hauntverbUS /hɔːnt/

follow stealthily or recur constantly and spontaneously to

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

hurrynounUS /ˈhɜːri/

a condition of urgency making it necessary to hurry

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

liftedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪftəd/

held up in the air

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

occupationnounUS /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃən/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

overheadadverbUS /ˈoʊvərˈhed/

above your head; in the sky

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

previouslyadverbUS /ˈpriːviəsli/

at an earlier time or formerly

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

pulledverbUS /pʊld/

past form of “pull” — cause to move by pulling

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

refreshedadjectiveUS /riˈfreʃt/

with restored energy

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

rejoicingnounUS /rɪˈdʒɔɪsɪŋ/

a feeling of great happiness

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

reportverbUS /riˈpɔːrt/

to give an account or representation of in words

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

shiningadjectiveUS /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/

marked by exceptional merit

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

shootingnounUS /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

shoulderverbUS /ˈʃoʊldər/

lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

spanielnounUS /ˈspænjəl/

any of several breeds of small to medium-sized gun dogs with a long silky coat and long frilled ears

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

triggerverbUS /ˈtrɪɡər/

put in motion or move to act

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

vigorousadjectiveUS /ˈvɪɡərəs/

characterized by forceful and energetic action or activity

From this reading I arose next morning refreshed and vigorous, and prepared to follow my ordinary occupation of shooting.

warmthnounUS /wɔːrmθ/

the sensation caused by heat energy

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was a clear frosty day, the sun was shining brightly overhead, and a thousand little birds were rejoicing in the warmth of his beams.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading My faithful spaniel had just begun to give tongue, and my fowling-piece was already in a position to be lifted at once to my shoulder, when the report of a single cannon, coming from the front, attracted my attention.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Thus attended, and thus animated, I set forth after breakfast; and having previously ascertained the favourite haunt of a hare which had more than once escaped me, I turned my steps towards it.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading My dogs were in high condition; my gun was clean and in good order; and myself big with the determination not to fire in too great a hurry, but to be sure of my aim before I pulled the trigger.

Chapter 13 of The subaltern by G. R. (George Robert) Gleig holds 160 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of The subaltern contain?

Chapter 13 holds 160 sentences of The subaltern, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of The subaltern by G. R. (George Robert) Gleig exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 160 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of The subaltern?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The subaltern

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Which edition of The subaltern is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in The subaltern

Words and structures a reader meets early in The subaltern, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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