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The subaltern
The subaltern

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of The subaltern is here in full — 130 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.
The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.
Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.
The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.
As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The subaltern

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of The subaltern is here in full — 130 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.
Line 2
The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.
/ðə hoʊl ʌv ðə bɪˈsiːdʒɪŋ ˈɑːrmi ˈbiːɪŋ æt ðə seɪm taɪm pʊt ɪn ˈmoʊʃən ðə ɡæp wɪtʃ ˈpraɪər tuː ðɪs deɪt hæd ɪɡˈzɪstəd ɪn ðə laɪn ʌv ˌɪnˈvestmənt wɑːz fɪld ʌp/
Line 3
Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.
/ˈlɪtəl ɔːr noʊ ˈfaɪtɪŋ tʊk pleɪs ɑːn ðæt əˈkeɪʒən/
Line 4
The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.
Line 5
As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

battalions noun US /bəˈtæljənz/

plural of “battalion” — an army unit usually consisting of a headquarters and three or more companies

From this reading “A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.”

besieging noun US /bɪˈsiːdʒɪŋ/

the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack

From this reading “The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.”

corresponding adjective US /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndɪŋ/

accompanying

From this reading “As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.”

evacuating verb US /ɪˈvækjəweɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “evacuate” — move out of an unsafe location into safety

From this reading “The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.”

investment noun US /ˌɪnˈvestmənt/

the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit

From this reading “The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.”

Legion noun US /ˈliːdʒən/

archaic terms for army

From this reading “A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.”

pickets noun US /ˈpɪkəts/

plural of “picket” — a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading “The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.”

proportionate adjective US /prəˈpɔːrʃənət/

being in due proportion

From this reading “A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

direct communication verb + noun

In this reading “A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.”

open space verb + noun

In this reading “As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.”

cut off verb + particle

make a break in

In this reading “As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.”

at daybreak preposition + noun

In this reading “A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.”

same time adjective + noun

In this reading “The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.”

took place verb + noun counted as “take place”

come to pass

In this reading “Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.”

deal more verb + adjective

In this reading “As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.”

existed in verb + particle counted as “exist in”

In this reading “The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.”

All words in this reading · 119

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

25th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

addingverbUS /ˈædɪŋ/

-ing form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

artillerynounUS /ɑːrˈtɪləri/

large but transportable armament

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

battalionsnounUS /bəˈtæljənz/

plural of “battalion” — an army unit usually consisting of a headquarters and three or more companies

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

besiegingnounUS /bɪˈsiːdʒɪŋ/

the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

Boucaut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

cavalrynounUS /ˈkævəlri/

troops trained to fight on horseback

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

communicationnounUS /kəˌmjuːnəˈkeɪʃən/

the activity of communicating; the activity of conveying information

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

comradesnounUS /ˈkɑːmrædz/

plural of “comrade” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

correspondingadjectiveUS /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndɪŋ/

accompanying

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

daybreaknounUS /ˈdeɪbreɪk/

the first light of day

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

designnounUS /dɪˈzaɪn/

the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

directverbUS /dərˈekt/

command with authority

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

enjoyverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪ/

derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

establishedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

evacuatingverbUS /ɪˈvækjəweɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “evacuate” — move out of an unsafe location into safety

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

exchangedadjectiveUS /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒd/

changed for (replaced by) something different

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

existedverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪstəd/

past form of “exist” — have an existence, be extant

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

fightingnounUS /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/

the act of fighting; any contest or struggle

From this reading Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

gapnounUS /ɡæp/

a conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

grainnounUS /ɡreɪn/

a relatively small granular particle of a substance

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

grantedadjectiveUS /ˈɡræntəd/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

GuardsnounUS /ɡɑːrdz/

plural of “guard” — a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

investmentnounUS /ˌɪnˈvestmənt/

the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

joinverbUS /dʒɔɪn/

become part of; become a member of a group or organization

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

King'snounUS /kɪŋz/

possessive form of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

LegionnounUS /ˈliːdʒən/

archaic terms for army

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

LittleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

magazinesnounUS /ˈmæɡəziːnz/

plural of “magazine” — a periodic publication containing pictures and stories and articles of interest to those who purchase it or subscribe to it

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

marchedverbUS /mɑːrtʃt/

past form of “march” — march in a procession

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

MarshalverbUS /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

place in proper rank

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

oppositeadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəzət/

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

perceivingverbUS /pərˈsiːvɪŋ/

-ing form of “perceive” — to become aware of through the senses

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

picketsnounUS /ˈpɪkəts/

plural of “picket” — a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.

prioradjectiveUS /ˈpraɪər/

earlier in time

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

proportionateadjectiveUS /prəˈpɔːrʃənət/

being in due proportion

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

provisionsnounUS /prəˈvɪʒənz/

a stock or supply of foods

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

rearnounUS /rɪr/

the back of a military formation or procession

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

remainingadjectiveUS /rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

not used up

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

resistancenounUS /rɪˈzɪstəns/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

sand-hills

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

seriousadjectiveUS /ˈsɪriəs/

concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

shotsnounUS /ʃɑːts/

plural of “shot” — the act of firing a projectile

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

skirmishers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

Soult

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

stocknounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Little or no fighting took place on that occasion.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading The enemy, perceiving our design, offered no serious resistance, but evacuating the village of Boucaut, after having exchanged a few shots with our skirmishers, established their pickets about half a mile in its rear.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The whole of the besieging army being at the same time put in motion, the gap which prior to this date had existed in the line of investment was filled up.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A direct communication between the opposite banks of the river being thus established, the remaining battalions of the Guards, the chief part of the King's German Legion, together with a proportionate force of cavalry and artillery, marched at daybreak on the 25th to join their comrades among the sand-hills.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading As yet, therefore, a good deal more of open space was granted to them than they could long hope to enjoy; but all opportunity of corresponding with Marshal Soult, as well as of adding to the stock of grain and provisions already in their magazines, was cut off.

Chapter 23 of The subaltern by G. R. (George Robert) Gleig holds 130 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of The subaltern contain?

Chapter 23 holds 130 sentences of The subaltern, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of The subaltern by G. R. (George Robert) Gleig exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 130 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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