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The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction
The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction is here in full — 663 sentences across 133 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/132 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.
That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.
Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.
As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.
The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.
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The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction is here in full — 663 sentences across 133 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/132 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.
/ðə ˈɡɑːθɪk roʊˈmæns ðə riːl priˈkɜːrsər ʌv ˌsuːpərˈnætʃərəlɪzəm ɪn ˈmɑːdərn ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ˈlɪtərətʃər wɑːz ðə ˈɡɑːθɪk ˈnɑːvəl/
Line 2
That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.
Line 3
Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.
/tuː ɡreɪt kərˈektnəs ənd rɪˈstreɪnt mʌst ˈɔːlweɪz rɪˈzʌlt ɪn prəˈpɔːrʃənət ˈlɪb.ər.ti/
Line 4
As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.
/æz ðə ɪˈtɜːrnəl swɪŋ ʌv ðə ˈpen.dʒə.ləm ʌv ˈlɪtəreri ˈhɪstəri ðə eb ənd floʊ ʌv ˈfɪkʃən ˌɪˈnevətəbli brɪŋ ə riˈækʃən əˈɡenst ˈeni ekˈstriːm soʊ ɪt wɑːz wɪð ðə ˈfɪkʃən ʌv ðə ˈpɪriəd/
Line 5
The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

correctness noun US /kərˈektnəs/

conformity to fact or truth

From this reading “Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.”

formalism noun US /ˈfɔːrməlɪzəm/

the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented

From this reading “The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.”

pendulum noun US /ˈpen.dʒə.ləm/

A weight hung from a fixed point so that it can swing freely, often used in timekeeping.

From this reading “As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.”

precursor noun US /priˈkɜːrsər/

a substance from which another substance is formed (especially by a metabolic reaction)

From this reading “The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.”

proportionate adjective US /prəˈpɔːrʃənət/

being in due proportion

From this reading “Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.”

realism noun US /ˈriːəlɪzəm/

the attribute of accepting the facts of life and favoring practicality and literal truth

From this reading “That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.”

supernaturalism noun US /ˌsuːpərˈnætʃərəlɪzəm/

a belief in forces beyond ordinary human understanding

From this reading “The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.”

voiced adjective US /vɔɪst/

produced with vibration of the vocal cords

From this reading “That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

eighteenth century adjective + noun

In this reading “That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.”

literary history adjective + noun

In this reading “As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.”

in behalf preposition + noun

In this reading “That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.”

Too great adverb + adjective

In this reading “Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

Augustanadjective

relating to or characteristic of the times of the Roman Emperor Augustus

From this reading The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

banishedverbUS /ˈbænɪʃt/

past form of “banish” — expel from a community or group

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

behalfnounUS /bɪˈhæf/

as the agent of or on someone's part (usually expressed as “on behalf of” rather than “in behalf of”)

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

briefadjectiveUS /briːf/

of short duration or distance

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

correctnessnounUS /kərˈektnəs/

conformity to fact or truth

From this reading Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

ebbverbUS /eb/

flow back or recede

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

eighteenthadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the seventeenth in position

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

eternaladjectiveUS /ɪˈtɜːrnəl/

continuing forever or indefinitely

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

excessnounUS /ˈekses/

a quantity much larger than is needed

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

fictionnounUS /ˈfɪkʃən/

a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

flownounUS /floʊ/

the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

formalismnounUS /ˈfɔːrməlɪzəm/

the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented

From this reading The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

glarenounUS /ɡler/

a light within the field of vision that is brighter than the brightness to which the eyes are adapted

From this reading The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

GothicadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːθɪk/

characteristic of the style of type commonly used for printing German

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

inevitablyadverbUS /ˌɪˈnevətəbli/

in such a manner as could not be otherwise

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

invitedverbUS /ˌɪnˈvaɪtəd/

past form of “invite” — increase the likelihood of

From this reading The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

medievalism

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.

mysteriousadjectiveUS /mɪˈstɪriəs/

of an obscure nature

From this reading The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

noondaynoun

the middle of the day

From this reading The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

novelnounUS /ˈnɑːvəl/

an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

oddadjectiveUS /ɑːd/

not divisible by two

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

pendulumnounUS /ˈpen.dʒə.ləm/

A weight hung from a fixed point so that it can swing freely, often used in timekeeping.

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

precursornounUS /priˈkɜːrsər/

a substance from which another substance is formed (especially by a metabolic reaction)

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

proportionateadjectiveUS /prəˈpɔːrʃənət/

being in due proportion

From this reading Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.

protestnounUS /ˈproʊtest/

a formal and solemn declaration of objection

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

rationalismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

reactionnounUS /riˈækʃən/

(chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

realismnounUS /ˈriːəlɪzəm/

the attribute of accepting the facts of life and favoring practicality and literal truth

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

restraintnounUS /rɪˈstreɪnt/

the act of controlling by restraining someone or something

From this reading Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.

RomancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

supernaturalismnounUS /ˌsuːpərˈnætʃərəlɪzəm/

a belief in forces beyond ordinary human understanding

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

swingverbUS /swɪŋ/

move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

tiredadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪərd/

depleted of strength or energy

From this reading The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

TooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Too great correctness and restraint must always result in proportionate liberty.

twilights

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The mysterious twilights of medievalism invited eyes tired of the noonday glare of Augustan formalism.

voicedadjectiveUS /vɔɪst/

produced with vibration of the vocal cords

From this reading That odd form might be called a brief in behalf of banished romance, since it voiced a protest against the excess of rationalism and realism in the early eighteenth century.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Gothic Romance The real precursor of supernaturalism in modern English literature was the Gothic novel.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As the eternal swing of the pendulum of literary history, the ebb and flow of fiction inevitably bring a reaction against any extreme, so it was with the fiction of the period.

Chapter 2 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction by Dorothy Scarborough holds 663 sentences, grouped into 133 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction contain?

Chapter 2 holds 663 sentences of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction, unabridged, divided into 133 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction by Dorothy Scarborough exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 663 sentences, grouped into 133 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction?

Work through the 133 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 133 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction

Common questions about reading The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction by Dorothy Scarborough on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction?

Yes. All 3972 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47204 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47204, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction take to read?

About 331 minutes of reading across 795 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Supernatural
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Modern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fiction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.