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The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction
The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction is here in full — 368 sentences across 74 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/73 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.
Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.
Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.
Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.
The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction is here in full — 368 sentences across 74 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/73 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.
/ˌsuːpərˈnætʃərəl ˈsaɪəns ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ʌv ˈmɑːdərn ˈsaɪəns tuː ˌsuːpərˈnætʃərəlɪzəm ɔːr ʌv ðə ˌsuːpərˈnætʃərəl tuː ˈmɑːdərn ˈsaɪəns ɪz wʌn ʌv ðə dɪˈstɪŋktɪv ˈfiːtʃərz ʌv ˈriːsənt ˈlɪtərətʃər/
Line 2
Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.
Line 3
Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.
/ˈpriːviəs ˈlɪtərətʃər hæd meɪd bʌt skænt ˈefərt tuː rɪˈflekt ˈiːvɪn ðə kruːd ˈsaɪəns ʌv ðə taɪmz ənd wʌt wɑːz ˈrɪtən wɑːz soʊ ˌʌnkənˈvɪnsɪŋ ðæt ɪt meɪd kəmˈperətɪvli ˈlɪtəl ˌɪmˈpres/
Line 4
Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.
/ˈɔːlmoʊst ðə ˈoʊnli ˈsaɪəns ðæt ˈɡɑːθɪk ˈfɪkʃən delt wɪð tuː ˈeni ˈnoʊtəsəbəl ɪkˈstent wɑːz əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd wɪð ˈælkəmi ənd əˈstrɑːlədʒi/
Line 5
The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alchemist noun US /ˈæltʃəmɪst/

one who was versed in the practice of alchemy and who sought an elixir of life and a panacea and an alkahest and the philosopher's stone

From this reading “The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.”

alchemy noun US /ˈælkəmi/

the way two individuals relate to each other

From this reading “Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.”

astrologer noun US /əˈstrɑːlədʒər/

someone who predicts the future by the positions of the planets and sun and Moon

From this reading “The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.”

astrology noun US /əˈstrɑːlədʒi/

a pseudoscience claiming divination by the positions of the planets and sun and moon

From this reading “Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.”

elixir noun US /ɪˈlɪksər/

a sweet flavored liquid (usually containing a small amount of alcohol) used in compounding medicines to be taken by mouth in order to mask an unpleasant taste

From this reading “The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.”

Huxley noun US /ˈhʌksli/

English physiologist who, with Alan Hodgkin, discovered the role of potassium and sodium ions in the transmission of the nerve impulse (born in 1917)

From this reading “Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.”

supernaturalism noun US /ˌsuːpərˈnætʃərəlɪzəm/

a belief in forces beyond ordinary human understanding

From this reading “Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.”

unconvincing adjective US /ˌʌnkənˈvɪnsɪŋ/

not convincing

From this reading “Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

nineteenth century adjective + noun

In this reading “Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.”

distinctive features adjective + noun counted as “distinctive feature”

an odd or unusual characteristic

In this reading “Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.”

modern science adjective + noun

In this reading “Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.”

scientific knowledge adjective + noun

knowledge accumulated by systematic study and organized by general principles

In this reading “Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.”

latter part adjective + noun

In this reading “Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.”

human destiny adjective + noun

In this reading “The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.”

associated with verb + particle counted as “associate with”

In this reading “Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.”

comparatively little adverb + adjective

In this reading “Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

advanceverbUS /ədˈvæns/

move forward, also in the metaphorical sense

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

alchemistnounUS /ˈæltʃəmɪst/

one who was versed in the practice of alchemy and who sought an elixir of life and a panacea and an alkahest and the philosopher's stone

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

alchemynounUS /ˈælkəmi/

the way two individuals relate to each other

From this reading Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.

AlmostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.

applicationnounUS /ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən/

the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

associatedverbUS /əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd/

past form of “associate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.

astrologernounUS /əˈstrɑːlədʒər/

someone who predicts the future by the positions of the planets and sun and Moon

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

astrologynounUS /əˈstrɑːlədʒi/

a pseudoscience claiming divination by the positions of the planets and sun and moon

From this reading Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

co-laborers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

comparativelyadverbUS /kəmˈperətɪvli/

in a relative manner; by comparison to something else

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

crudeadjectiveUS /kruːd/

not carefully or expertly made

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

DarwinnounUS /ˈdɑːrwɪn/

English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

dealtverbUS /delt/

inflected form of “deal” — act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.

definiteadjectiveUS /ˈdefənət/

precise; explicit and clearly defined

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

destinynounUS /ˈdestəni/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

distinctiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/

of a feature that helps to distinguish a person or thing

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

divineadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪn/

emanating from God

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

elixirnounUS /ɪˈlɪksər/

a sweet flavored liquid (usually containing a small amount of alcohol) used in compounding medicines to be taken by mouth in order to mask an unpleasant taste

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

fictionnounUS /ˈfɪkʃən/

a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

GhostlyadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊstli/

resembling or characteristic of a phantom

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

GothicadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːθɪk/

characteristic of the style of type commonly used for printing German

From this reading Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

HuxleynounUS /ˈhʌksli/

English physiologist who, with Alan Hodgkin, discovered the role of potassium and sodium ions in the transmission of the nerve impulse (born in 1917)

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

impressverbUS /ˌɪmˈpres/

have an emotional or cognitive impact upon

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

investigationnounUS /ˌɪnvestəˈɡeɪʃən/

an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

nineteenthadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

noticeableadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəsəbəl/

capable or worthy of being noticed

From this reading Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Almost the only science that Gothic fiction dealt with, to any noticeable extent, was associated with alchemy and astrology.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

philosopher's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

PreviousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

quickenverbUS /ˈkwɪkən/

move faster

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

rapidadjectiveUS /ˈræpəd/

done or occurring in a brief period of time

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

recentadjectiveUS /ˈriːsənt/

new

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

reflectverbUS /rɪˈflekt/

manifest or bring back

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

romancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

scantadjectiveUS /skænt/

less than the correct or legal or full amount often deliberately so

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

SciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

scientificadjectiveUS /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

of or relating to the practice of science

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

soughtadjectiveUS /sɔːt/

that is looked for

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

SpencernounUS /ˈspensər/

English philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies (1820-1903)

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

starsnounUS /stɑːrz/

plural of “star” — (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

SupernaturalnounUS /ˌsuːpərˈnætʃərəl/

supernatural forces and events and beings collectively

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

supernaturalismnounUS /ˌsuːpərˈnætʃərəlɪzəm/

a belief in forces beyond ordinary human understanding

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Supernatural Science The application of modern science to supernaturalism, or of the supernatural to modern science, is one of the distinctive features of recent literature.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

unconvincingadjectiveUS /ˌʌnkənˈvɪnsɪŋ/

not convincing

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The alchemist sought the philosopher's stone and the elixir of life while the astrologer tried to divine human destiny by the stars.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Ghostly fiction took a new and definite turn with the rapid advance in scientific knowledge and investigation in the latter part of the nineteenth century, for the work of Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and their co-laborers did as much to quicken thought in romance as in other lines.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading Previous literature had made but scant effort to reflect even the crude science of the times, and what was written was so unconvincing that it made comparatively little impress.

Chapter 8 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction by Dorothy Scarborough holds 368 sentences, grouped into 74 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction contain?

Chapter 8 holds 368 sentences of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction, unabridged, divided into 74 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction by Dorothy Scarborough exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 368 sentences, grouped into 74 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction?

Work through the 74 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 74 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction by Dorothy Scarborough on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction?

Yes. All 3972 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47204 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47204, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction take to read?

About 331 minutes of reading across 795 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Supernatural
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Modern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fiction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.