Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The sword of wealth
The sword of wealth

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The sword of wealth is here in full — 191 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The sword of wealth
Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.
They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.
Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.
The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.
Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The sword of wealth

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The sword of wealth is here in full — 191 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.
Line 2
They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.
Line 3
Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.
Line 4
The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.
/ðə ˈpeləts ʌv aɪs wɜːr soʊ bɪɡ æz tuː fel ˈkætəl ənd kɪl ðə ˈhɜːrdzmɪn/
Line 5
Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

crops noun US /krɑːps/

plural of “crop” — the yield from plants in a single growing season

From this reading “Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.”

devastated verb US /ˈdevəsteɪtɪd/

past form of “devastate” — cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly

From this reading “Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.”

herdsmen noun US /ˈhɜːrdzmɪn/

plural of “herdsman” — someone who drives a herd

From this reading “The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.”

pellets noun US /ˈpeləts/

plural of “pellet” — a small sphere

From this reading “The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.”

presaged verb US /ˈpresɪdʒd/

past form of “presage” — indicate, as with a sign or an omen

From this reading “They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.”

sprees noun US /spriːz/

plural of “spree” — a brief indulgence of your impulses

From this reading “They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.”

tiles noun US /taɪlz/

plural of “tile” — a flat thin rectangular slab (as of fired clay or rubber or linoleum) used to cover surfaces

From this reading “Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.”

visitations noun US /ˌvɪzɪˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “visitation” — an annoying or frustrating or catastrophic event

From this reading “They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

ten minutes noun + noun

In this reading “Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.”

whole province adjective + noun

In this reading “Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.”

Within the space preposition + article + noun counted as “within … space”

In this reading “Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

cotta

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.

cropsnounUS /krɑːps/

plural of “crop” — the yield from plants in a single growing season

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

devastatedverbUS /ˈdevəsteɪtɪd/

past form of “devastate” — cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

dreadnounUS /dred/

fearful expectation or anticipation

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

FACTnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

farmernounUS /ˈfɑːrmər/

a person who operates a farm

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

folknounUS /foʊk/

people in general (often used in the plural)

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

glassnounUS /ɡlæs/

a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure

From this reading Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

hailverbUS /heɪl/

praise vociferously

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

herdsmennounUS /ˈhɜːrdzmɪn/

plural of “herdsman” — someone who drives a herd

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

icenounUS /aɪs/

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

killverbUS /kɪl/

cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

LIFEnounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.

Lombardynoun

a region of north central Italy bordering Switzerland

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

minutesnounUS /ˈmɪnəts/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

onslaughts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

pelletsnounUS /ˈpeləts/

plural of “pellet” — a small sphere

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

plagueverbUS /pleɪɡ/

cause to suffer a blight

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

presagedverbUS /ˈpresɪdʒd/

past form of “presage” — indicate, as with a sign or an omen

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

RoofnounUS /ruːf/

a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.

severeadjectiveUS /səˈvɪr/

intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

smashedadjectiveUS /smæʃt/

very drunk

From this reading Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

spreesnounUS /spriːz/

plural of “spree” — a brief indulgence of your impulses

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

stormsnounUS /stɔːrmz/

plural of “storm” — a violent weather condition with winds 64-72 knots (11 on the Beaufort scale) and precipitation and thunder and lightning

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

terra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.

terriblyadverbUS /ˈterəbli/

used as intensifiers

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.

tilesnounUS /taɪlz/

plural of “tile” — a flat thin rectangular slab (as of fired clay or rubber or linoleum) used to cover surfaces

From this reading Roof tiles of terra cotta were smashed like thin glass.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

visitationsnounUS /ˌvɪzɪˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “visitation” — an annoying or frustrating or catastrophic event

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

warningnounUS /ˈwɔːrnɪŋ/

a message informing of danger

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A FACT OF LIFE THE warning was a terribly familiar one to the people of Lombardy.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The pellets of ice were so big as to fell cattle and kill the herdsmen.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They knew it presaged one of the severe storms of hail that plague the region--visitations which the farmer folk dread even more than the sprees of the river.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

WithinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Within the space of ten minutes the growing crops of a whole province had been devastated by one of these onslaughts.

Chapter 4 of The sword of wealth by Henry Wilton Thomas holds 191 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The sword of wealth contain?

Chapter 4 holds 191 sentences of The sword of wealth, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The sword of wealth by Henry Wilton Thomas exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 191 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The sword of wealth?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The sword of wealth

Common questions about reading The sword of wealth by Henry Wilton Thomas on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The sword of wealth?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The sword of wealth is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The sword of wealth take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The sword of wealth section by section

How to work through The sword of wealth section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of The sword of wealth to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The sword of wealth

Words and structures a reader meets early in The sword of wealth, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The sword of wealth, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The sword of wealth, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The sword of wealth, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.