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The Tempering
The Tempering

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Tempering is here in full — 88 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Tempering
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.
In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.
Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.
Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.
Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Tempering

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Tempering is here in full — 88 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.
Line 2
In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.
Line 3
Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.
Line 4
Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.
/naʊ hiː stʊd tʃɑːrdʒd wɪð ə ˈmɜːrdər dʌn fɔːr ˈhaɪər ðə ˈmɜːrsəneri ˈteɪkɪŋ ɔːf ʌv ə mæn fɔːr huːm hiː hæd noʊ ˈenməti seɪv ðæt ʌv ðə æbˈstrækt ənd pəˈlɪtəkəl/
Line 5
Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bail verb US /beɪl/

release after a security has been paid

From this reading “During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.”

enmity noun US /ˈenməti/

a state of deep-seated ill-will

From this reading “Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.”

feud noun US /fjuːd/

a bitter quarrel between two parties

From this reading “Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.”

Frankfort noun US /ˈfræŋkfərt/

the capital of Kentucky; located in northern Kentucky

From this reading “During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.”

Louisville noun US /ˈluːivɪl/

the largest city in Kentucky; located in north central Kentucky on the Ohio river; site of the Kentucky Derby

From this reading “During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.”

mercenary noun US /ˈmɜːrsəneri/

a person hired to fight for another country than their own

From this reading “Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.”

sanctioned adjective US /ˈsæŋkʃənd/

conforming to orthodox or recognized rules

From this reading “Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.”

staked verb US /steɪkt/

past form of “stake” — put at risk

From this reading “Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sought refuge adjective + noun

In this reading “In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.”

own conscience verb + noun

In this reading “Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.”

look helplessly verb + particle

In this reading “Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.”

in jail preposition + noun

In this reading “During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.”

following months adjective + noun counted as “following month”

In this reading “During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.”

murder done verb + adjective

In this reading “Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.”

lay in verb + particle

keep or lay aside for future use

In this reading “During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.”

stamp of verb + particle

In this reading “In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

abstractverbUS /æbˈstrækt/

consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoretically

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

Asa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

bailverbUS /beɪl/

release after a security has been paid

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

begunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

bitteradjectiveUS /ˈbɪtər/

marked by strong resentment or cynicism

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

broodingnounUS /ˈbruːdɪŋ/

sitting on eggs so as to hatch them by the warmth of the body

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

chargedadjectiveUS /tʃɑːrdʒd/

of a particle or body or system; having a net amount of positive or negative electric charge

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

consciencenounUS /ˈkɑːnʃəns/

motivation deriving logically from ethical or moral principles that govern a person's thoughts and actions

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

deniedverbUS /dɪˈnaɪd/

inflected form of “deny” — declare untrue; contradict

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

enmitynounUS /ˈenməti/

a state of deep-seated ill-will

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

feudnounUS /fjuːd/

a bitter quarrel between two parties

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

FrankfortnounUS /ˈfræŋkfərt/

the capital of Kentucky; located in northern Kentucky

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

GregorynounUS /ˈɡreɡəri/

(Roman Catholic Church) a church father known for his constant fight against perceived heresies; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-391)

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

helplesslyadverbUS /ˈhelpləsli/

in a helpless manner

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

hireverbUS /ˈhaɪər/

engage or hire for work

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

indignationnounUS /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

injusticenounUS /ˌɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/

an unjust act

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

innocencenounUS /ˈɪnəsəns/

the quality of innocent naivete

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

jailnounUS /dʒeɪl/

a correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence)

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

kinsman's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

laurel-mantled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

lionsnounUS /ˈlaɪənz/

plural of “lion” — large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

LouisvillenounUS /ˈluːivɪl/

the largest city in Kentucky; located in north central Kentucky on the Ohio river; site of the Kentucky Derby

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

marverbUS /mɑːr/

make imperfect

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

mercenarynounUS /ˈmɜːrsəneri/

a person hired to fight for another country than their own

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

monstrousadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːnstrəs/

abnormally large

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

murderverbUS /ˈmɜːrdər/

kill intentionally and with premeditation

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

passionateadjectiveUS /ˈpæʃənət/

having or expressing strong emotions

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

prisonernounUS /ˈprɪzənər/

a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

questnounUS /kwest/

a search for an alternative that meets cognitive criteria

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

resentmentnounUS /rɪˈzentmənt/

a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

sanctionedadjectiveUS /ˈsæŋkʃənd/

conforming to orthodox or recognized rules

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

smouldered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

soughtadjectiveUS /sɔːt/

that is looked for

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

stakedverbUS /steɪkt/

past form of “stake” — put at risk

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

stampverbUS /stæmp/

walk heavily

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

sullennessnoun

a gloomy ill-tempered feeling

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

UponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

warfarenounUS /ˈwɔːrfer/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Asa had killed men before, but it had been in that feud warfare which was sanctioned by his own conscience.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Now he stood charged with a murder done for hire, the mercenary taking off of a man for whom he had no enmity save that of the abstract and political.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading During those following months, when Asa Gregory lay in jail, first in Frankfort, then in Louisville, as a prisoner of state, who had been denied bail, the boy back in the laurel-mantled hills smouldered with passionate resentment for what he believed to be a monstrous injustice.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Upon his kinsman's innocence the boy would have staked his life, and yet he must look helplessly on and see him thrown to the lions of public indignation.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading In his quest of education he sought refuge from the bitter brooding that had begun to mar his young features with its stamp of sullenness.

Chapter 10 of The Tempering by Charles Neville Buck holds 88 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Tempering contain?

Chapter 10 holds 88 sentences of The Tempering, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Tempering by Charles Neville Buck exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 88 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Tempering?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Tempering

Common questions about reading The Tempering by Charles Neville Buck on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Tempering?

Yes. All 6620 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33736 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Tempering is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33736, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Tempering take to read?

About 551 minutes of reading across 1324 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Tempering section by section

How to work through The Tempering section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Tempering to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Tempering

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Tempering, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Nothin'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Tempering; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Don't
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Tempering; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nuver
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Tempering; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hyarabouts
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Tempering; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.