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The Three Clerks
The Three Clerks

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Three Clerks is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.
He had spent a miserable day.
In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.
'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'
'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Three Clerks

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Three Clerks is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.
/ˈtɪkəlɪʃ stɑːk ˈælərɪk rɪˈtɜːrnd frʌm hɪz ˈɔːfɪs wɔːrn ənd ˈɔːlmoʊst æz ˈretʃɪd æz hiː hæd bɪn ɑːn ðə deɪ bɪˈfɔːr/
Line 2
He had spent a miserable day.
/hiː hæd spent ə ˈmɪzərəbəl deɪ/
Line 3
In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.
Line 4
'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'
/noʊ nɑːt ˈfaɪnəli sed ˈælərɪk bʌt aɪ θɪŋk aɪ ʃæl duː soʊ/
Line 5
'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.
/ðen aɪ mʌst tel juː ˈtuːdər sed sɜːr ˈɡreɡəri ˈspiːkɪŋ mɔːr ɪn ˈsɑːroʊ ðæn ɪn ˈæŋɡər ðæt juː wɪl nɑːt hæv maɪ ˈkaʊntənəns/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Alaric noun US /ˈælərɪk/

king of the Visigoths who captured Rome in 410 (370-410)

From this reading “TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.”

electors noun US /ɪˈlektərz/

plural of “elector” — a citizen who has a legal right to vote

From this reading “In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.”

Gregory noun US /ˈɡreɡəri/

(Roman Catholic Church) a church father known for his constant fight against perceived heresies; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-391)

From this reading “In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.”

stock noun US /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading “TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.”

ticklish adjective US /ˈtɪkəlɪʃ/

difficult to handle; requiring great tact

From this reading “TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.”

Tudor noun US /ˈtuːdər/

an English dynasty descended from Henry Tudor; Tudor monarchs ruled from Henry VII to Elizabeth I (from 1485 to 1603)

From this reading “'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.”

worn verb US /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading “TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.”

wretched adjective US /ˈretʃɪd/

of very poor quality or condition

From this reading “TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He had spent a miserable day.

addressverbUS /ˈædres/

speak to

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

AlaricnounUS /ˈælərɪk/

king of the Visigoths who captured Rome in 410 (370-410)

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

angernounUS /ˈæŋɡər/

a strong emotion; a feeling that is oriented toward some real or supposed grievance

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading 'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading 'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'

electorsnounUS /ɪˈlektərz/

plural of “elector” — a citizen who has a legal right to vote

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

finallyadverbUS /ˈfaɪnəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

GregorynounUS /ˈɡreɡəri/

(Roman Catholic Church) a church father known for his constant fight against perceived heresies; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-391)

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading 'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

miserableadjectiveUS /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading He had spent a miserable day.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading 'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading 'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading 'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading 'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading 'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'

sorrownounUS /ˈsɑːroʊ/

an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

speakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading He had spent a miserable day.

STOCKnounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

Strathbogy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading 'No, not finally,' said Alaric, 'but I think I shall do so.'

TICKLISHadjectiveUS /ˈtɪkəlɪʃ/

difficult to handle; requiring great tact

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

TudornounUS /ˈtuːdər/

an English dynasty descended from Henry Tudor; Tudor monarchs ruled from Henry VII to Elizabeth I (from 1485 to 1603)

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading In the morning Sir Gregory had asked him whether he had finally made up his mind to address the electors of Strathbogy.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

wretchedadjectiveUS /ˈretʃɪd/

of very poor quality or condition

From this reading TICKLISH STOCK Alaric returned from his office worn and almost as wretched as he had been on the day before.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 'Then I must tell you, Tudor,' said Sir Gregory, speaking more in sorrow than in anger, 'that you will not have my countenance.

Chapter 31 of The Three Clerks by Anthony Trollope holds 403 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Three Clerks contain?

Chapter 31 holds 403 sentences of The Three Clerks, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Three Clerks by Anthony Trollope exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 403 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Three Clerks?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Three Clerks

Common questions about reading The Three Clerks by Anthony Trollope on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Three Clerks?

Yes. All 9676 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #7481 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Three Clerks is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #7481, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Three Clerks take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1936 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Three Clerks section by section

How to work through The Three Clerks section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Three Clerks to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Three Clerks

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Three Clerks, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Clerks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Clerks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Visitors
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Clerks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Residents
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Clerks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.