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The Three Clerks
The Three Clerks

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of The Three Clerks is here in full — 148 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Three Clerks
Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MR.
CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.
He was, of course, much too soon at court.
All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.
He was to be tried at the Old Bailey.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Three Clerks

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of The Three Clerks is here in full — 148 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MR.
/ˈmɪstər/
Line 2
CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.
Line 3
He was, of course, much too soon at court.
/hiː wɑːz ʌv kɔːrs mʌtʃ tuː suːn æt kɔːrt/
Line 4
All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.
Line 5
He was to be tried at the Old Bailey.
/hiː wɑːz tuː biː traɪd æt ðə oʊld ˈbeɪli/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Alaric noun US /ˈælərɪk/

king of the Visigoths who captured Rome in 410 (370-410)

From this reading “CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.”

Bailey noun US /ˈbeɪli/

United States singer (1918-1990)

From this reading “He was to be tried at the Old Bailey.”

criminals noun US /ˈkrɪmənəlz/

plural of “criminal” — someone who has committed a crime or has been legally convicted of a crime

From this reading “All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.”

earn verb US /ɜːrn/

earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading “All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.”

perforce adverb US /pərˈfɔːrs/

by necessity; by force of circumstance

From this reading “All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.”

trial noun US /ˈtraɪəl/

the act of testing something

From this reading “CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.”

whereas conjunction US /weˈræz/

in contrast with the fact that

From this reading “All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.”

witnesses noun US /ˈwɪtnəsəz/

plural of “witness” — someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading “All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AlaricnounUS /ˈælərɪk/

king of the Visigoths who captured Rome in 410 (370-410)

From this reading CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He was, of course, much too soon at court.

BaileynounUS /ˈbeɪli/

United States singer (1918-1990)

From this reading He was to be tried at the Old Bailey.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He was to be tried at the Old Bailey.

breadnounUS /bred/

food made from dough of flour or meal and usually raised with yeast or baking powder and then baked

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

CHAFFANBRASS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading He was, of course, much too soon at court.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading He was, of course, much too soon at court.

criminalsnounUS /ˈkrɪmənəlz/

plural of “criminal” — someone who has committed a crime or has been legally convicted of a crime

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

earnverbUS /ɜːrn/

earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was, of course, much too soon at court.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

MRnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading MR.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading He was, of course, much too soon at court.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He was, of course, much too soon at court.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading He was to be tried at the Old Bailey.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

perforceadverbUS /pərˈfɔːrs/

by necessity; by force of circumstance

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading He was, of course, much too soon at court.

such-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading He was, of course, much too soon at court.

trialnounUS /ˈtraɪəl/

the act of testing something

From this reading CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading He was to be tried at the Old Bailey.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was, of course, much too soon at court.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading CHAFFANBRASS We must now follow Alaric to his trial.

whereasconjunctionUS /weˈræz/

in contrast with the fact that

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

witnessesnounUS /ˈwɪtnəsəz/

plural of “witness” — someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

wretches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All people always are, who are brought to the court perforce, criminals for instance, and witnesses, and other such-like unfortunate wretches; whereas many of those who only go there to earn their bread are very often as much too late.

Chapter 34 of The Three Clerks by Anthony Trollope holds 148 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of The Three Clerks contain?

Chapter 34 holds 148 sentences of The Three Clerks, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of The Three Clerks by Anthony Trollope exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 148 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of The Three Clerks?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Three Clerks

Common questions about reading The Three Clerks by Anthony Trollope on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Three Clerks?

Yes. All 9676 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #7481 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Three Clerks is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #7481, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Three Clerks take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1936 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Three Clerks section by section

How to work through The Three Clerks section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Three Clerks to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Three Clerks

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Three Clerks, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Clerks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Clerks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Visitors
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Clerks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Residents
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Clerks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.