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The Three Commanders
The Three Commanders

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Three Commanders is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.
"This is terrible work!" exclaimed Jack.
"Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.
Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"
This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Three Commanders

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Three Commanders is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.
Line 2
"This is terrible work!" exclaimed Jack.
/ðɪs ɪz ˈterəbəl wɜːrk ɪkˈskleɪmd dʒæk/
Line 3
"Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.
Line 4
Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"
Line 5
This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.
/ðɪs ˈkwestʃən wɑːz pʊt æz ðə ʃɪp nɪrd ðə siːn ʌv ðə kəˈtæstrəfi/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bettered verb US /ˈbetərd/

past form of “better” — surpass in excellence

From this reading “"Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.”

blacks noun US /blæks/

plural of “black” — the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)

From this reading “The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.”

catastrophe noun US /kəˈtæstrəfi/

an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading “This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.”

miserably adverb US /ˈmɪzərəbli/

in a miserable manner

From this reading “The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.”

neared verb US /nɪrd/

past form of “near” — move towards

From this reading “This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.”

perish verb US /ˈperɪʃ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading “The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.”

probability noun US /ˌprɑːbəˈbɪlətiː/

a measure of how likely it is that some event will occur; a number expressing the ratio of favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible

From this reading “The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.”

retained adjective US /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading “"Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

betteredverbUS /ˈbetərd/

past form of “better” — surpass in excellence

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

blacksnounUS /blæks/

plural of “black” — the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"

catastrophenounUS /kəˈtæstrəfi/

an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

creaturesnounUS /ˈkriːtʃərz/

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

desertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

destroyverbUS /dɪˈstrɔɪ/

do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

dhownoun

a lateen-rigged sailing vessel used by Arabs

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

Doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

escapedadjectiveUS /ɪˈskeɪpt/

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

exclaimedverbUS /ɪkˈskleɪmd/

past form of “exclaim” — utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

From this reading "This is terrible work!" exclaimed Jack.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

fledverbUS /fled/

inflected form of “flee” — run away quickly

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

Hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

Higson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "This is terrible work!" exclaimed Jack.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

JacknounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading "This is terrible work!" exclaimed Jack.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

miserablyadverbUS /ˈmɪzərəbli/

in a miserable manner

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

momentsnounUS /ˈmoʊmənts/

plural of “moment” — a particular point in time

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

nearedverbUS /nɪrd/

past form of “near” — move towards

From this reading This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

perishverbUS /ˈperɪʃ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"

probabilitynounUS /ˌprɑːbəˈbɪlətiː/

a measure of how likely it is that some event will occur; a number expressing the ratio of favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.

retainedadjectiveUS /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading This question was put as the ship neared the scene of the catastrophe.

slavesnounUS /sleɪvz/

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading "This is terrible work!" exclaimed Jack.

terrorstricken

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "This is terrible work!" exclaimed Jack.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The blacks stopped but a few moments, and then, terrorstricken, fled on into the desert, there in all probability to perish miserably.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "Had we allowed the dhow to pass, though those poor creatures might have been kept for ever as slaves, they might have retained their lives, it may be, and bettered their condition; but it was our duty to destroy the dhow at all events.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading "This is terrible work!" exclaimed Jack.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Do you think it possible that any can have escaped, Higson?"

Chapter 8 of The Three Commanders by William Henry Giles Kingston holds 404 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Three Commanders contain?

Chapter 8 holds 404 sentences of The Three Commanders, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Three Commanders by William Henry Giles Kingston exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 404 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Three Commanders?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Three Commanders

Common questions about reading The Three Commanders by William Henry Giles Kingston on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Three Commanders?

Yes. All 6875 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #24678 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Three Commanders is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #24678, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Three Commanders take to read?

About 572 minutes of reading across 1375 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Three Commanders section by section

How to work through The Three Commanders section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of The Three Commanders to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Three Commanders

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Three Commanders, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Commanders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Commanders
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Commanders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kingston
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Commanders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Third
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Three Commanders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.