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The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2
The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2 is here in full — 382 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By Alice Bertha Gomme • Curated US English Learning Edition
Cover illustration for The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2
Context Illustration Reading 1/76 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
See “Tops.”
Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.
The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.
If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.
The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2 is here in full — 382 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/76 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
See “Tops.”
/siː tɑːps/
Line 2
Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.
Line 3
The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.
/ðə ˈʌðər ˈpleɪərz ɪnˈdevər tuː straɪk ðɪs tɑːp wɪð ðə peɡz ʌv ðer oʊn tɑːps æz ðeɪ flɪŋ ðem daʊn tuː spɪn/
Line 4
If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.
Line 5
The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.
/ðə ˈɑːbdʒekt ʌv iːtʃ ˈspɪnər ɪz tuː splɪt ðə tɑːp wɪtʃ ɪz ˈbiːɪŋ eɪmd æt soʊ æz tuː riˈliːs ðə peɡ ənd ðə bɔɪ huːz tɑːp hæz səkˈsiːdɪd ɪn ˈsplɪtɪŋ ðə ˈʌðər tɑːp əbˈteɪnz ðə peɡ æz hɪz ˈtroʊfi ʌv ˈvɪktəri/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fails verb US /feɪlz/

third-person singular of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading “If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
obtains verb US /əbˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading “The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
pegs noun US /peɡz/

plural of “peg” — a wooden pin pushed or driven into a surface

From this reading “The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
spin verb US /spɪn/

revolve quickly and repeatedly around one's own axis

From this reading “The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
spinner noun US /ˈspɪnər/

someone who spins (who twists fibers into threads)

From this reading “The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
spins noun US /spɪnz/

plural of “spin” — a swift whirling motion (usually of a missile)

From this reading “Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
splitting adjective US /ˈsplɪtɪŋ/

resembling a sound of violent tearing as of something ripped apart or lightning splitting a tree

From this reading “The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
trophy noun US /ˈtroʊfi/

an award for success in war or hunting

From this reading “The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

due form adjective + noun

In this reading “If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.”

703 times in 426,211 chapters
aimed at verb + particle counted as “aim at”

In this reading “The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.”

8,785 times in 426,211 chapters
on the ground preposition + article + noun counted as “on … ground”

In this reading “If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.”

39,761 times in 426,211 chapters
succeeded in verb + particle counted as “succeed in”

In this reading “The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.”

37,186 times in 426,211 chapters
other players adjective + noun counted as “other player”

In this reading “The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.”

402 times in 426,211 chapters

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aimedverbUS /eɪmd/

past form of “aim” — point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
chosennounUS /ˈtʃoʊzən/

one who is the object of choice; who is given preference

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
endeavournounUS /ɪnˈdevər/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
failsverbUS /feɪlz/

third-person singular of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
flingverbUS /flɪŋ/

throw with force or recklessness

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
obtainsverbUS /əbˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

Pending verification
ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
pegnounUS /peɡ/

a wooden pin pushed or driven into a surface

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Peg-top

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

Pending verification
pegsnounUS /peɡz/

plural of “peg” — a wooden pin pushed or driven into a surface

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
playersnounUS /ˈpleɪərz/

plural of “player” — a person who participates in or is skilled at some game

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
releaseverbUS /riˈliːs/

release, as from one's grip

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
SeeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading See “Tops.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
spinverbUS /spɪn/

revolve quickly and repeatedly around one's own axis

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
spinnernounUS /ˈspɪnər/

someone who spins (who twists fibers into threads)

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
spinningnounUS /ˈspɪnɪŋ/

creating thread

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
spinsnounUS /spɪnz/

plural of “spin” — a swift whirling motion (usually of a missile)

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
splitverbUS /splɪt/

separate into parts or portions

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
splittingadjectiveUS /ˈsplɪtɪŋ/

resembling a sound of violent tearing as of something ripped apart or lightning splitting a tree

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
strikeverbUS /straɪk/

deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading Peg-top One of the players, chosen by lot, spins his top.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
TopsadjectiveUS /tɑːps/

of the highest quality

From this reading See “Tops.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
trophynounUS /ˈtroʊfi/

an award for success in war or hunting

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
victorynounUS /ˈvɪktəri/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading If any one fails to spin his top in due form, he has to lay his top on the ground for the others to strike at when spinning.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading The object of each spinner is to split the top which is being aimed at, so as to release the peg, and the boy whose top has succeeded in splitting the other top obtains the peg as his trophy of victory.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The other players endeavour to strike this top with the pegs of their own tops as they fling them down to spin.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary

Chapter 3 of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2 by Alice Bertha Gomme holds 382 sentences, grouped into 77 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2 contain?

Chapter 3 holds 382 sentences of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2, unabridged, divided into 77 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2 by Alice Bertha Gomme exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 382 sentences, grouped into 77 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2?

Work through the 77 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 77 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2

Common questions about reading The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2 by Alice Bertha Gomme on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 10470 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41728 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41728, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 2094 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Addenda
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Birdies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Walking
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Traditional Games of England, Scotland — Vol 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.