Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson
The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson is here in full — 107 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Murderer Chuckles.
Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.
Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.
The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.
"Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson is here in full — 107 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Murderer Chuckles.
/ðə ˈmɜːrdərər ˈtʃʌkəlz/
Line 2
Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.
/ˈiːvɪn ðə ˈklɪrɪst ənd moʊst pərˈfekt ˌsɜːrkəmˈstænʃəl ˈevədəns ɪz ˈlaɪkli tuː biː æt fɔːlt ˈæftər ɔːl ənd ˈðerfɔːr ɔːt tuː biː rəˈsiːvd wɪð ɡreɪt ˈkɑːʃən/
Line 3
Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.
Line 4
The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.
Line 5
"Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Chuckles noun US /ˈtʃʌkəlz/

plural of “chuckle” — a soft partly suppressed laugh

From this reading “The Murderer Chuckles.”

circumstantial adjective US /ˌsɜːrkəmˈstænʃəl/

fully detailed and specific about particulars

From this reading “Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.”

clearest adjective US /ˈklɪrɪst/

superlative of “clear” — readily apparent to the mind

From this reading “Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.”

heaviest adjective US /ˈheviəst/

superlative of “heavy” — of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading “The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.”

jailed adjective US /dʒeɪld/

being in captivity

From this reading “The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.”

Patsy noun US /ˈpætsi/

a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of

From this reading “The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.”

tireless adjective US /ˈtaɪərləs/

showing sustained enthusiastic action with unflagging vitality

From this reading “The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.”

Wilson's noun US /ˈwɪlsənz/

possessive form of “wilson” — author of the first novel by an African American that was published in the United States (1808-1870)

From this reading “Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.”

All words in this reading · 115

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

aspectnounUS /ˈæspekt/

a distinct feature or element in a problem

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

AuntnounUS /ænt/

the sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

CalendarnounUS /ˈkæləndər/

a system of timekeeping that defines the beginning and length and divisions of the year

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

caughtverbUS /kɑːt/

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

cautionnounUS /ˈkɑːʃən/

the trait of being cautious; being attentive to possible danger

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

ChucklesnounUS /ˈtʃʌkəlz/

plural of “chuckle” — a soft partly suppressed laugh

From this reading The Murderer Chuckles.

circumstantialadjectiveUS /ˌsɜːrkəmˈstænʃəl/

fully detailed and specific about particulars

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

clearestadjectiveUS /ˈklɪrɪst/

superlative of “clear” — readily apparent to the mind

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

confederatenounUS /kənˈfedərət/

a supporter of the Confederate States of America

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

CoopernounUS /ˈkuːpər/

United States industrialist who built the first American locomotive; founded Cooper Union in New York City to offer free courses in the arts and sciences (1791-1883)

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

counselnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

diligencenounUS /ˈdɪlədʒəns/

conscientiousness in paying proper attention to a task; giving the degree of care required in a given situation

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

draggedverbUS /dræɡd/

inflected form of “drag” — pull, as against a resistance

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

EvenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

faultnounUS /fɔːlt/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

heaviestadjectiveUS /ˈheviəst/

superlative of “heavy” — of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

jailedadjectiveUS /dʒeɪld/

being in captivity

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

knifenounUS /naɪf/

edge tool used as a cutting instrument; has a pointed blade with a sharp edge and a handle

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

missingadjectiveUS /ˈmɪsɪŋ/

not able to be found

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

murderedadjectiveUS /ˈmɜːrdərd/

killed unlawfully

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

MurderernounUS /ˈmɜːrdərər/

a criminal who commits homicide (who performs the unlawful premeditated killing of another human being)

From this reading The Murderer Chuckles.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

PatsynounUS /ˈpætsi/

a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

pencilnounUS /ˈpensəl/

a thin cylindrical pointed writing implement; a rod of marking substance encased in wood

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

possiblyadverbUS /ˈpɑːsəbli/

by chance

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

privatelyadverbUS /ˈpraɪvətli/

kept private or confined to those intimately concerned

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

Pudd'nhead

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

remainingadjectiveUS /rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

not used up

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

sharpenedadjectiveUS /ˈʃɑːrpənd/

having the point made sharp

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

signnounUS /saɪn/

a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

simplyadverbUS /ˈsɪmpli/

and nothing more

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

TakeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

teethnounUS /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

termnounUS /tɜːrm/

a word or expression used for some particular thing

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Murderer Chuckles.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

tirelessadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪərləs/

showing sustained enthusiastic action with unflagging vitality

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

tracenounUS /treɪs/

a just detectable amount

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

trialnounUS /ˈtraɪəl/

the act of testing something

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

twinsnounUS /twɪnz/

(mineralogy) two interwoven crystals that are mirror images on each other

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

unquestionablyadverbUS /ənˈkwestʃənəbli/

without question

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

vanishverbUS /ˈvænɪʃ/

get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

visitingnounUS /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

the activity of making visits

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading The weeks dragged along, no friend visiting the jailed twins but their counsel and Aunt Patsy Cooper, and the day of trial came at last--the heaviest day in Wilson's life; for with all his tireless diligence he had discovered no sign or trace of the missing confederate.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading "Confederate" was the term he had long ago privately accepted for that person--not as being unquestionably the right term, but as being at least possibly the right one, though he was never able to understand why the twins did not vanish and escape, as the confederate had done, instead of remaining by the murdered man and getting caught there.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

Wilson'snounUS /ˈwɪlsənz/

possessive form of “wilson” — author of the first novel by an African American that was published in the United States (1808-1870)

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Even the clearest and most perfect circumstantial evidence is likely to be at fault, after all, and therefore ought to be received with great caution.

witnessesnounUS /ˈwɪtnəsəz/

plural of “witness” — someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Take the case of any pencil, sharpened by any woman: if you have witnesses, you will find she did it with a knife; but if you take simply the aspect of the pencil, you will say she did it with her teeth.--Pudd'nhead Wilson's Calendar.

Chapter 20 of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson by Mark Twain holds 107 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson contain?

Chapter 20 holds 107 sentences of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson by Mark Twain exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 107 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson

Common questions about reading The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson by Mark Twain on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson?

Yes. All 2681 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #102 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #102, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson take to read?

About 223 minutes of reading across 537 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson section by section

How to work through The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Pudd'nhead
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Truth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trump--but
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trick
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.