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The Trampling of the Lilies
The Trampling of the Lilies

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Trampling of the Lilies is here in full — 211 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.
The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.
On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.
This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.
The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Trampling of the Lilies

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Trampling of the Lilies is here in full — 211 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.
Line 2
The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.
Line 3
On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.
Line 4
This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.
Line 5
The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.
/ðə ɡreɪt rɪˈpʌblɪkən ˈdʒenərəl ˈstɑːrtɪd əˈpɑːn hɪz kæmˈpeɪn ɪn ðə loʊ ˈkʌntriz æz ˈfʊli ˈsætəsfaɪd æz ˈʌndər ðə ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz hiː kʊd hoʊp tuː biː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Antwerp noun US /ˈæntwərp/

a busy port and financial center in northern Belgium on the Scheldt river; it has long been a center for the diamond industry and the first stock exchange was opened there in 1460

From this reading “This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.”

conciliation noun US /kənˌsɪliˈeɪʃən/

the state of manifesting goodwill and cooperation after being reconciled

From this reading “This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.”

diplomacy noun US /dɪˈploʊməsi/

negotiation between nations

From this reading “This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.”

dispense verb US /dɪˈspens/

administer or bestow, as in small portions

From this reading “On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.”

downwards adverb US /ˈdaʊnwərdz/

spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position

From this reading “On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.”

empowered adjective US /ɪmˈpaʊərd/

invested with legal power or official authority especially as symbolized by having a scepter

From this reading “This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.”

friction noun US /ˈfrɪkʃən/

a state of conflict between persons

From this reading “There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.”

unjustly adverb US /ənˈdʒʌstli/

in an unjust manner

From this reading “The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

ambassadornounUS /æmˈbæsədər/

a diplomat of the highest rank; accredited as representative from one country to another

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

AntwerpnounUS /ˈæntwərp/

a busy port and financial center in northern Belgium on the Scheldt river; it has long been a center for the diamond industry and the first stock exchange was opened there in 1460

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

arrestverbUS /ərˈest/

take into custody

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

Boulaye

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

campaignnounUS /kæmˈpeɪn/

a race between candidates for elective office

From this reading The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.

commissariatnoun

a stock or supply of foods

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

conciliateverb

cause to be more favorably inclined; gain the good will of

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

conciliationnounUS /kənˌsɪliˈeɪʃən/

the state of manifesting goodwill and cooperation after being reconciled

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

ConventionnounUS /kənˈvenʃən/

a large formal assembly

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

countedverbUS /ˈkaʊntɪd/

past form of “count” — determine the number or amount of

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

CountriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.

DeputynounUS /ˈdepjəti/

someone authorized to exercise the powers of sheriff in emergencies

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

despatched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

despiteprepositionUS /dɪˈspaɪt/

although something is true; in spite of

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

diplomacynounUS /dɪˈploʊməsi/

negotiation between nations

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

dispenseverbUS /dɪˈspens/

administer or bestow, as in small portions

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

displayedverbUS /dɪˈspleɪd/

past form of “display” — to show, make visible or apparent

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

downwardsadverbUS /ˈdaʊnwərdz/

spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

Dumouriez

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

empoweredadjectiveUS /ɪmˈpaʊərd/

invested with legal power or official authority especially as symbolized by having a scepter

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

enemiesnounUS /ˈenəmiz/

plural of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

errornounUS /ˈerər/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

evenounUS /iːv/

(Old Testament) Adam's wife in Judeo-Christian mythology: the first woman and mother of the human race; God created Eve from Adam's rib and placed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

frictionnounUS /ˈfrɪkʃən/

a state of conflict between persons

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

fullyadverbUS /ˈfʊli/

to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)

From this reading The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

HollandnounUS /ˈhɑːlənd/

a constitutional monarchy in western Europe on the North Sea; half the country lies below sea level

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

indifferentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdɪfrənt/

marked by a lack of interest

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

irritatedadjectiveUS /ˈɪrəteɪtəd/

aroused to impatience or anger

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

LanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

longestadverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡəst/

for the most time

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

LowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.

Malusnoun

apple trees; found throughout temperate zones of the northern hemisphere

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

Maratnoun

French revolutionary leader (born in Switzerland) who was a leader in overthrowing the Girondists and was stabbed to death in his bath by Charlotte Corday (1743-1793)

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

NationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

numbersnounUS /ˈnʌmbərz/

the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

offeringnounUS /ˈɔːfərɪŋ/

something offered (as a proposal or bid)

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

onesnounUS /wʌnz/

plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

orderedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrdərd/

having a systematic arrangement; especially having elements succeeding in order according to rule

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

patiencenounUS /ˈpeɪʃəns/

good-natured tolerance of delay or incompetence

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

perceivedadjectiveUS /pərˈsiːvd/

detected by instinct or inference rather than by recognized perceptual cues

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

Petit-Jean

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

remarkablyadverbUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbli/

to a remarkable degree or extent

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

RepublicannounUS /rɪˈpʌblɪkən/

a member of the Republican Party

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

satisfiedadjectiveUS /ˈsætəsfaɪd/

filled with satisfaction

From this reading The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.

servicesnounUS /ˈsɜːrvəsəz/

performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

signallyadverb

as a signal

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

soldiernounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

soughtadjectiveUS /sɔːt/

that is looked for

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.

successfuladjectiveUS /səkˈsesfəl/

having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

sympathynounUS /ˈsɪmpəθi/

an inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an opinion

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

termsnounUS /tɜːrmz/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The great Republican General started upon his campaign in the Low Countries as fully satisfied as under the circumstances he could hope to be.

unjustlyadverbUS /ənˈdʒʌstli/

in an unjust manner

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

waysnounUS /weɪz/

structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This conciliation was the business upon which the Deputy La Boulaye had been despatched to Antwerp, and as an ambassador he proved signally successful, as much by virtue of the excellent terms he was empowered to offer as in consequence of the sympathy and diplomacy he displayed in offering them.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading There had been friction between the National Convention and General Dumouriez, who, though a fine soldier, was a remarkably indifferent Republican.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading The Convention had unjustly ordered the arrest of his commissariat officers, Petit-Jean and Malus, and in other ways irritated a man whose patience was never of the longest.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On the eve, however, of war with Holland, the great ones in Paris had suddenly perceived their error, and had sought--despite the many enemies, from Marat downwards, that Dumouriez counted among their numbers--to conciliate a general whose services they found that they could not dispense with.

Chapter 8 of The Trampling of the Lilies by Rafael Sabatini holds 211 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Trampling of the Lilies contain?

Chapter 8 holds 211 sentences of The Trampling of the Lilies, unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Trampling of the Lilies by Rafael Sabatini exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 211 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Trampling of the Lilies?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Trampling of the Lilies

Common questions about reading The Trampling of the Lilies by Rafael Sabatini on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Trampling of the Lilies?

Yes. All 4006 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2783 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Trampling of the Lilies is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2783, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Trampling of the Lilies take to read?

About 333 minutes of reading across 802 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Trampling of the Lilies section by section

How to work through The Trampling of the Lilies section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Trampling of the Lilies

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Trampling of the Lilies, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Spring
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Trampling of the Lilies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bellecour--the
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Trampling of the Lilies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Short
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Trampling of the Lilies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Trampling of the Lilies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.