Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

a person who is loathsome or disgusting

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

the property of a more than adequate quantity or supply

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

later than; following

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

in addition

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

plural of “apple” — fruit with red or yellow or green skin and sweet to tart crisp whitish flesh

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

past form of “attract” — direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

beaklike mouth of animals other than birds (e.g., turtles)

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

having or capable of producing colors

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

plural of “date” — the specified day of the month

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

to come or go into

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

at a previous time

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

set up or found

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

plural of “fruit” — the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

plural of “incursion” — the act of entering some territory or domain (often in large numbers)

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

(chemistry) a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding)

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

impressive in appearance

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

having been robbed and destroyed by force and violence

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

Persons who steal from a person or place, especially using violence or threats.

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

plural of “saracen” — (historically) a member of the nomadic people of the Syrian and Arabian deserts at the time of the Roman Empire

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

express in speech

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

carry out

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

plural of “tartar” — a salt used especially in baking powder

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

in or at that place or location

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

of or concerning this or that

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

arousing affect

From this reading OF THE CITY OF CAMADI AND ITS RUINS; ALSO TOUCHING THE CARAUNA ROBBERS.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

of a vivid red to reddish-orange color

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

precisely as stated

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plain whereof I speak is a very hot region; and the province that we now enter is called REOBARLES.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

a Caucasian

From this reading [There are vast numbers of turtledoves, attracted by the abundance of fruits, but the Saracens never take them, for they hold them in abomination.] And on this plain there is a kind of bird called francolin, but different from the francolin of other countries, for their colour is a mixture of black and white, and the feet and beak are vermilion colour.{1}

in the company of; together with

From this reading The fruits of the country are dates, pistachioes, and apples of Paradise, with others of the like not found in our cold climate.

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.

used when the person spoken to is also the object of the action

From this reading After you have ridden down hill those two days, you find yourself in a vast plain, and at the beginning thereof there is a city called CAMADI, which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence, for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it.