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The Tree of Appomattox
The Tree of Appomattox

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Tree of Appomattox is here in full — 400 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
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SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.
But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.
As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.
He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.
Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Tree of Appomattox

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Tree of Appomattox is here in full — 400 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.
Line 2
But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.
Line 3
As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.
/æz ˈkɜːrnəl ˈwɪntʃestər wɑːz haɪ ɪn ðə ˈdʒenərəlz ˈkɑːnfədəns dɪk sɔː ðə kəˈmændər ˈevəri deɪ/
Line 4
He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.
/hiː suːn lɜːrnd ðæt hiː wɑːz ʌv æn ˌɪnˈtensli ˌenərˈdʒetɪk ənd ˈæktɪv ˈneɪtʃər ənd ðæt hiː mʌst pʊt ə ˈpaʊərfəl reɪn əˈpɑːn hɪmˈself tuː hoʊld bæk wen hiː hæd sʌtʃ ə faɪn ˈɑːrmi tuː led/
Line 5
Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.
/ˈmeni ʌv ðə ˈjʌŋɡər ˈɔːfəsərz ɪkˈsprest ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəns ənd dɪk sɔː baɪ ðə ˈnuːzpeɪpərz ðæt ðə nɔːrθ tuː wɑːz ˈtʃeɪfɪŋ æt ðə dɪˈleɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chafing noun US /ˈtʃeɪfɪŋ/

soreness or irritation of the skin caused by friction

From this reading “Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.”

delayed adjective US /dɪˈleɪd/

not as far along as normal in development

From this reading “But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.”

energetic adjective US /ˌenərˈdʒetɪk/

possessing or exerting or displaying energy

From this reading “He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.”

general's noun US /ˈdʒenərəlz/

possessive form of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading “As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.”

intensely adverb US /ˌɪnˈtensli/

to a high degree; extremely; in high concentration or density

From this reading “He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.”

rein verb US /reɪn/

control and direct with or as if by reins

From this reading “He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.”

Sheridan noun US /ˈʃerɪdən/

Irish playwright remembered for his satirical comedies of manners (1751-1816)

From this reading “SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.”

Winchester noun US /ˈwɪntʃestər/

a city in southern England; administrative center of Hampshire

From this reading “As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

aimverbUS /eɪm/

point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

ATTACKnounUS /əˈtæk/

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

chafingnounUS /ˈtʃeɪfɪŋ/

soreness or irritation of the skin caused by friction

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

ColonelnounUS /ˈkɜːrnəl/

a commissioned military officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines who ranks above a lieutenant colonel and below a brigadier general

From this reading As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.

commandernounUS /kəˈmændər/

an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.

confidencenounUS /ˈkɑːnfədəns/

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

delayverbUS /dɪˈleɪ/

cause to be slowed down or delayed

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

delayedadjectiveUS /dɪˈleɪd/

not as far along as normal in development

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

DicknounUS /dɪk/

someone who is a detective

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

energeticadjectiveUS /ˌenərˈdʒetɪk/

possessing or exerting or displaying energy

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

general'snounUS /ˈdʒenərəlz/

possessive form of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

impatiencenounUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəns/

a lack of patience; irritation with anything that causes delay

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

intenselyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈtensli/

to a high degree; extremely; in high concentration or density

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

LittleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

MoreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

newspapersnounUS /ˈnuːzpeɪpərz/

plural of “newspaper” — a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

Phil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

reinverbUS /reɪn/

control and direct with or as if by reins

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.

SheridannounUS /ˈʃerɪdən/

Irish playwright remembered for his satirical comedies of manners (1751-1816)

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

SHERIDAN'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

waitingnounUS /ˈweɪtɪŋ/

the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He soon learned that he was of an intensely energetic and active nature, and that he must put a powerful rein upon himself to hold back, when he had such a fine army to lead.

WinchesternounUS /ˈwɪntʃestər/

a city in southern England; administrative center of Hampshire

From this reading As Colonel Winchester was high in the general's confidence Dick saw the commander every day.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But Dick knew that if Little Phil delayed it was with good cause.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading SHERIDAN'S ATTACK More days passed and the army of Sheridan lay waiting at the head of the valley, apparently without any aim in view.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading Many of the younger officers expressed impatience and Dick saw by the newspapers that the North too was chafing at the delay.

Chapter 7 of The Tree of Appomattox by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler holds 400 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Tree of Appomattox contain?

Chapter 7 holds 400 sentences of The Tree of Appomattox, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Tree of Appomattox by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 400 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Tree of Appomattox?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in The Tree of Appomattox

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Tree of Appomattox, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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