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The Trial
The Trial

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Trial is here in full — 143 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Trial
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
They stwons, they stwons, they stwons, they stwons.
--Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.
I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.
You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.
Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Trial

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Trial is here in full — 143 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
They stwons, they stwons, they stwons, they stwons.
Line 2
--Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.
Line 3
I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.
Line 4
You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.
/juː hæd ðə ˈvɝː.tʃuː ənd aɪ hæv ðə rɪˈwɔːrd ðə ˈjuːʒəwəl kɔːrs ʌv ðɪs wɜːrld fɔːr hɪz rɪˈvaɪvəl ɪz ə ˈveri freʃ ənd ˈplezənt ˈspektəkəl ˈbɜːrnɪŋ hɑːt wɪð ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/
Line 5
Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

gratifying adjective US /ˈɡrætəfaɪɪŋ/

pleasing to the mind or feeling

From this reading “--Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.”

maternal adjective US /məˈtɜːrnəl/

characteristic of a mother

From this reading “--Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.”

murmurs noun US /ˈmɜːrmərz/

plural of “murmur” — a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading “I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.”

overdoes verb US /ˌoʊvərˈdʌz/

third-person singular of “overdo” — do something to an excessive degree

From this reading “Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.”

revival noun US /rɪˈvaɪvəl/

bringing again into activity and prominence

From this reading “You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.”

Scouring noun US /ˈskaʊərɪŋ/

moving over territory to search for something

From this reading “--Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.”

subscribe verb US /səbˈskraɪb/

offer to buy, as of stocks and shares

From this reading “I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.”

Wilkes noun US /wɪlks/

English reformer who published attacks on George III and supported the rights of the American colonists (1727-1797)

From this reading “Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

enthusiasmnounUS /ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/

a feeling of excitement

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

Ethel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

gratifyingadjectiveUS /ˈɡrætəfaɪɪŋ/

pleasing to the mind or feeling

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

highlyadverbUS /ˈhaɪli/

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

HorsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

LeonardnounUS /ˈlenərd/

United States writer of thrillers (born in 1925)

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

maternaladjectiveUS /məˈtɜːrnəl/

characteristic of a mother

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

missionnounUS /ˈmɪʃən/

an organization of missionaries in a foreign land sent to carry on religious work

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

murmursnounUS /ˈmɜːrmərz/

plural of “murmur” — a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

overdoesverbUS /ˌoʊvərˈdʌz/

third-person singular of “overdo” — do something to an excessive degree

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

praisenounUS /preɪz/

an expression of approval and commendation

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

recollectverbUS /ˌrekəˈlekt/

recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

repentverbUS /rɪˈpent/

turn away from sin or do penitence

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

revivalnounUS /rɪˈvaɪvəl/

bringing again into activity and prominence

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

rewardnounUS /rɪˈwɔːrd/

a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

ScouringnounUS /ˈskaʊərɪŋ/

moving over territory to search for something

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

spectaclenounUS /ˈspektəkəl/

something or someone seen (especially a notable or unusual sight)

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

stwons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They stwons, they stwons, they stwons, they stwons.

subscribeverbUS /səbˈskraɪb/

offer to buy, as of stocks and shares

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They stwons, they stwons, they stwons, they stwons.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

ungraciousadjective

lacking charm and good taste

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

WhateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

WhitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

WilkesnounUS /wɪlks/

English reformer who published attacks on George III and supported the rights of the American colonists (1727-1797)

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

Wilkite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whatever we do, he overdoes, till I recollect how Wilkes said he had never been a Wilkite.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading --Scouring of the White Horse 'So' (wrote Ethel in her daily letter to her father) 'mine is at present a maternal mission to Leonard, and it is highly gratifying.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You had the virtue, and I have the reward (the usual course of this world), for his revival is a very fresh and pleasant spectacle, burning hot with enthusiasm.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading I subscribe to all your praise of him, and repent of my ungracious murmurs at his society.

Chapter 4 of The Trial by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge holds 143 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Trial contain?

Chapter 4 holds 143 sentences of The Trial, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Trial by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 143 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Trial?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Trial

Common questions about reading The Trial by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Trial?

Yes. All 7765 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3744 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Trial is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3744, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Trial take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1553 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Trial section by section

How to work through The Trial section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Trial

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Trial, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Words
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Trial; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Silver
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Trial; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Deeds
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Trial; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cecil
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Trial; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.