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The Troubadour
The Troubadour

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Troubadour is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Troubadour
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.
So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.
I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.
Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.
More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Troubadour

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Troubadour is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.
Line 2
So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.
Line 3
I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.
Line 4
Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.
Line 5
More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.
/mɔːr wen hiː ɡoʊz əˈlɔːŋ baɪ hɪmˈself les wen juː traɪ tuː pɪn hɪm daʊn tuː ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adheres verb US /ədˈhɪrz/

third-person singular of “adhere” — be compatible or in accordance with

From this reading “Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.”

bait verb US /beɪt/

harass with persistent criticism or carping

From this reading “I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.”

duller adjective US /ˈdʌlər/

comparative of “dull” — lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading “So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.”

entertaining adjective US /ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ/

agreeably diverting

From this reading “I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.”

linear adjective US /ˈlɪniər/

designating or involving an equation whose terms are of the first degree

From this reading “Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.”

mainly adverb US /ˈmeɪnli/

for the most part

From this reading “I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.”

odder adjective US /ˈɑːdər/

comparative of “odd” — not divisible by two

From this reading “There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.”

pin verb US /pɪn/

to hold fast or prevent from moving

From this reading “More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

adheresverbUS /ədˈhɪrz/

third-person singular of “adhere” — be compatible or in accordance with

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

Alva

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

attractionnounUS /əˈtrækʃən/

the force by which one object attracts another

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

baitverbUS /beɪt/

harass with persistent criticism or carping

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

doubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

dulleradjectiveUS /ˈdʌlər/

comparative of “dull” — lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

entertainingadjectiveUS /ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ/

agreeably diverting

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

Fayliss

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

FrankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

goesnounUS /ɡoʊz/

plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

guestnounUS /ɡest/

a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

Jocelyn's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

Kutrov

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

linearadjectiveUS /ˈlɪniər/

designating or involving an equation whose terms are of the first degree

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

listenverbUS /ˈlɪsən/

hear with intention

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

mainlyadverbUS /ˈmeɪnli/

for the most part

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

oddadjectiveUS /ɑːd/

not divisible by two

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

odderadjectiveUS /ˈɑːdər/

comparative of “odd” — not divisible by two

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

onwardadverbUS /ˈɔːnwərd/

forward in time or order or degree

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

partiesnounUS /ˈpɑːrtiz/

plural of “party” — an organization to gain political power

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

pinverbUS /pɪn/

to hold fast or prevent from moving

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

songsnounUS /sɔːŋz/

plural of “song” — a short musical composition with words

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

Spenglerian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

upwardadjectiveUS /ˈʌpwərd/

directed up

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was something odd about the guest attraction, Mr. Fayliss, and something odder still about his songs.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading So far as parties go, Jocelyn's were no duller than any others.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I went to this one mainly to listen to Paul Kutrov and Frank Alva bait each other, which is usually more entertaining than most double features.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Kutrov adheres to the "onward and upward" school of linear progress, while Alva is more or less of a Spenglerian.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading More when he goes along by himself; less when you try to pin him down to it.

Chapter 1 of The Troubadour by Robert A. W. (Robert Augustine Ward) Lowndes holds 75 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Troubadour contain?

Chapter 1 holds 75 sentences of The Troubadour, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Troubadour by Robert A. W. (Robert Augustine Ward) Lowndes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 75 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Troubadour?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Troubadour

Common questions about reading The Troubadour by Robert A. W. (Robert Augustine Ward) Lowndes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Troubadour?

Yes. All 75 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23091 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Troubadour is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23091, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Troubadour take to read?

About 6 minutes of reading across 15 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Troubadour section by section

How to work through The Troubadour section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of The Troubadour to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Troubadour

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Troubadour, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Something
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Troubadour; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Guest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Troubadour; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Attraction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Troubadour; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fayliss
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Troubadour; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.