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The Turnstile
The Turnstile

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of The Turnstile is here in full — 210 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
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OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.
It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.
There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.
It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.
But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Turnstile

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of The Turnstile is here in full — 210 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.
Line 2
It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.
Line 3
There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.
Line 4
It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.
Line 5
But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.
/bʌt ədˈvænsmənt wɑːz ə ˈprɪnsəpəl ʌv ðə haʊs ənd ɪn ðə væst ˌræməfəˈkeɪʃənz ʌv ɪts ˈbɪznəs ˌɑːpərˈtuːnətiz ʌv ədˈvænsmənt keɪm ˈkwɪkli/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

advancement noun US /ədˈvænsmənt/

encouragement of the progress or growth or acceptance of something

From this reading “But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.”

Chile noun US /ˈtʃɪli/

a republic in southern South America on the western slopes of the Andes on the south Pacific coast

From this reading “There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.”

concentrate verb US /ˈkɑːnsəntreɪt/

make denser, stronger, or purer

From this reading “It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.”

efficiency noun US /ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

the ratio of the output to the input of any system

From this reading “There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.”

nitrates noun US /ˈnaɪtreɪts/

plural of “nitrate” — any compound containing the nitrate group (such as a salt or ester of nitric acid)

From this reading “There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.”

portmanteau noun US /ˈpɔːrtmɑːntoʊ/

a new word formed by joining two others and combining their meanings

From this reading “There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.”

ramifications noun US /ˌræməfəˈkeɪʃənz/

plural of “ramification” — the act of branching out or dividing into branches

From this reading “But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.”

Valparaiso noun US /ˌvælpərˈeɪsoʊ/

the chief port and second largest city of Chile; located on a wide harbor in central Chile

From this reading “OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

six weeks noun + noun counted as “six week”

In this reading “It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.”

latter class adjective + noun

In this reading “It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.”

last six adjective + noun

In this reading “It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.”

in the afternoon preposition + article + noun counted as “in … afternoon”

In this reading “It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.”

came quickly verb + particle counted as “come quickly”

In this reading “But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

abilitiesnounUS /əˈbɪlətiːz/

plural of “ability” — the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.

advancementnounUS /ədˈvænsmənt/

encouragement of the progress or growth or acceptance of something

From this reading But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

birthdaynounUS /ˈbɜːrθdeɪ/

an anniversary of the day on which a person was born (or the celebration of it)

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.

carryverbUS /ˈkæri/

move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

CHALLONER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

ChilenounUS /ˈtʃɪli/

a republic in southern South America on the western slopes of the Andes on the south Pacific coast

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.

clerknounUS /klɜːrk/

an employee who performs clerical work (e.g., keeps records or accounts)

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

colossaladjectiveUS /kəˈlɑːsəl/

so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

concentrateverbUS /ˈkɑːnsəntreɪt/

make denser, stronger, or purer

From this reading It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

EARTHQUAKEnounUS /ˈɜːrθkweɪk/

shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane or from volcanic activity

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

efficiencynounUS /ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

the ratio of the output to the input of any system

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

experiencesnounUS /ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz/

plural of “experience” — the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

freightnounUS /freɪt/

goods carried by a large vehicle

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

homewardadverbUS /ˈhoʊmwərd/

toward home

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.

JAMESnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.

nitratesnounUS /ˈnaɪtreɪts/

plural of “nitrate” — any compound containing the nitrate group (such as a salt or ester of nitric acid)

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

opportunitiesnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnətiz/

plural of “opportunity” — a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

portmanteaunounUS /ˈpɔːrtmɑːntoʊ/

a new word formed by joining two others and combining their meanings

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.

quicklyadverbUS /ˈkwɪkli/

with speed

From this reading But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.

RnounUS /ɑːr/

a unit of radiation exposure; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit of electricity in 1 cc of dry air

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

ramificationsnounUS /ˌræməfəˈkeɪʃənz/

plural of “ramification” — the act of branching out or dividing into branches

From this reading But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.

Royle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

ruinnounUS /ˈruːən/

an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

SonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

twenty-eighthadjective

coming next after the twenty-seventh in position

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

undertakeverbUS /ˈʌndərteɪk/

enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.

ValparaisonounUS /ˌvælpərˈeɪsoʊ/

the chief port and second largest city of Chile; located on a wide harbor in central Chile

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading But advancement was a principle of the house, and in the vast ramifications of its business, opportunities of advancement came quickly.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading It was his twenty-eighth birthday and up to two o'clock in the afternoon he was, as for the last six weeks he had been, a clerk in the great house of R. C. Royle & Sons.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading OF AN EARTHQUAKE AND JAMES CHALLONER The experiences of James Challoner on that day of ruin at Valparaiso were various, but none of them were pleasant.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading It was, to be sure, upon the latter class of work that James Challoner was asked to concentrate his abilities.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading There was no sort of business in Chile which R. C. Royle & Sons were not prepared to undertake and carry through with efficiency, from a colossal deal in nitrates to the homeward freight of your portmanteau.

Chapter 2 of The Turnstile by A. E. W. (Alfred Edward Woodley) Mason holds 210 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of The Turnstile contain?

Chapter 2 holds 210 sentences of The Turnstile, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of The Turnstile by A. E. W. (Alfred Edward Woodley) Mason exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 210 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of The Turnstile?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Turnstile

Common questions about reading The Turnstile by A. E. W. (Alfred Edward Woodley) Mason on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Turnstile?

Yes. All 8014 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #38689 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Turnstile is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #38689, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Turnstile take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1603 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Turnstile section by section

How to work through The Turnstile section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of The Turnstile to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Turnstile

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Turnstile, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Diphthong
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Turnstile; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represented
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Turnstile; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Broken
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Turnstile; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Villa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Turnstile; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.