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The Turnstile
The Turnstile

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Turnstile is here in full — 274 sentences across 55 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Turnstile
Context Illustration Reading 1/54 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.
It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.
One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.
The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.
She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Turnstile

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Turnstile is here in full — 274 sentences across 55 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/54 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.
Line 2
It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.
/ɪt wɑːz ə ˈwɪntər ʌv ʃɑːrp frɔːsts ənd ˈsʌdən θɔːz/
Line 3
One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.
Line 4
The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.
Line 5
She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.
/ʃiː wɑːz naʊ ə ˈwʊmən ʌv ˈsevənti ənd ðə ækˈtɪvəti ʌv hɜːr laɪf hæd wɔːrn aʊt hɜːr hɑːrt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

epidemic noun US /ˌepəˈdemɪk/

a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease; many people are infected at the same time

From this reading “The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.”

explains verb US /ɪkˈspleɪnz/

third-person singular of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading “ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.”

frosts noun US /frɔːsts/

plural of “frost” — ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading “It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.”

influenza noun US /ˌɪnfluːˈenzə/

an acute febrile highly contagious viral disease

From this reading “ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.”

lanes noun US /leɪnz/

plural of “lane” — a narrow way or road

From this reading “One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.”

squares noun US /skwerz/

plural of “square” — (geometry) a plane rectangle with four equal sides and four right angles; a four-sided regular polygon

From this reading “One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.”

thaws noun US /θɔːz/

plural of “thaw” — the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading “It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.”

virulent adjective US /ˈvɪrələnt/

extremely poisonous or injurious; producing venom

From this reading “ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

greater part adjective + noun

In this reading “ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.”

sharp frosts adjective + noun counted as “sharp frost”

In this reading “It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.”

three years noun + noun

In this reading “ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.”

worn out verb + adjective

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

In this reading “She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.”

toward the end preposition + article + noun counted as “toward … end”

In this reading “ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.

attackedverbUS /əˈtækt/

past form of “attack” — launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with

From this reading The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

country-side

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

DAVENTRY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

epidemicnounUS /ˌepəˈdemɪk/

a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease; many people are infected at the same time

From this reading The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.

EXPLAINSverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪnz/

third-person singular of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

frostsnounUS /frɔːsts/

plural of “frost” — ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

hedgesnounUS /ˈhedʒɪz/

plural of “hedge” — a fence formed by a row of closely planted shrubs or bushes

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

influenzanounUS /ˌɪnfluːˈenzə/

an acute febrile highly contagious viral disease

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.

Joan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.

lanesnounUS /leɪnz/

plural of “lane” — a narrow way or road

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

ROBERTnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

ruledadjectiveUS /ruːld/

subject to a ruling authority

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

seventyadjectiveUS /ˈsevənti/

being ten more than sixty

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

squaresnounUS /skwerz/

plural of “square” — (geometry) a plane rectangle with four equal sides and four right angles; a four-sided regular polygon

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

suddenadjectiveUS /ˈsʌdən/

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

thawsnounUS /θɔːz/

plural of “thaw” — the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

thirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

virulentadjectiveUS /ˈvɪrələnt/

extremely poisonous or injurious; producing venom

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading One week the lanes were deep in snow and the fields white squares ruled off by the hedges; the next the whole country-side ran water.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading It was a winter of sharp frosts and sudden thaws.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading She was now a woman of seventy, and the activity of her life had worn out her heart.

worstnounUS /wɜːrst/

the least favorable outcome

From this reading The epidemic was at its worst in November, and during that month it attacked Joan Daventry.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading ROBERT DAVENTRY EXPLAINS Thus the greater part of three years passed, but toward the end of the third the influenza became virulent throughout that country.

Chapter 9 of The Turnstile by A. E. W. (Alfred Edward Woodley) Mason holds 274 sentences, grouped into 55 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of The Turnstile contain?

Chapter 9 holds 274 sentences of The Turnstile, unabridged, divided into 55 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of The Turnstile by A. E. W. (Alfred Edward Woodley) Mason exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 274 sentences, grouped into 55 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of The Turnstile?

Work through the 55 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 55 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Turnstile

Common questions about reading The Turnstile by A. E. W. (Alfred Edward Woodley) Mason on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Turnstile?

Yes. All 8014 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #38689 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Turnstile is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #38689, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Turnstile take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1603 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Turnstile section by section

How to work through The Turnstile section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of The Turnstile to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Turnstile

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Turnstile, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Diphthong
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Turnstile; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represented
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Turnstile; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Broken
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Turnstile; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Villa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Turnstile; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.