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The Undefeated
The Undefeated

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Undefeated is here in full — 438 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.
Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.
XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.
Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.
By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Undefeated

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Undefeated is here in full — 438 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.
Line 2
Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.
/mərˈiːə bɪˈkeɪm soʊ ˈtɪrfəl ðæt ʃiː wɑːz əˈneɪbəl tuː kənˈtɪnjuː hɜːr ˈdɪnər/
Line 3
XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.
Line 4
Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.
Line 5
By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

boarded verb US /ˈbɔːrdəd/

past form of “board” — get on board of (trains, buses, ships, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading “XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.”

earning verb US /ˈɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “earn” — earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading “XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.”

groveling adjective US /ˈɡrɔːvəlɪŋ/

totally submissive

From this reading “XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.”

meager adjective US /ˈmiːɡər/

deficient in amount or quality or extent

From this reading “Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.”

Municipal adjective US /mjuːˈnɪsəpəl/

relating or belonging to or characteristic of a municipality

From this reading “XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.”

risks noun US /rɪsks/

plural of “risk” — a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading “"It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.”

tearful adjective US /ˈtɪrfəl/

filled with or marked by tears

From this reading “Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.”

tram noun US /træm/

a conveyance that transports passengers or freight in carriers suspended from cables and supported by a series of towers

From this reading “XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next morning adjective + noun

In this reading “XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.”

converted into verb + particle counted as “convert into”

In this reading “Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.”

most imposing adverb + adjective

In this reading “By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.”

about a quarter preposition + article + noun counted as “about … quarter”

In this reading “XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.”

at the foot preposition + article + noun counted as “at … foot”

In this reading “XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading "It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

boardedverbUS /ˈbɔːrdəd/

past form of “board” — get on board of (trains, buses, ships, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

boldlyadverbUS /ˈboʊldli/

with boldness, in a bold manner

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

conductornounUS /kənˈdʌktər/

the person who leads a musical group

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

continueverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuː/

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

convertedverbUS /kənˈvɜːrtɪd/

past form of “convert” — change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

displayedverbUS /dɪˈspleɪd/

past form of “display” — to show, make visible or apparent

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

earningverbUS /ˈɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “earn” — earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

FivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

Fruiterernoun

a person who sells fruit

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

greengrocer's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

grovelingadjectiveUS /ˈɡrɔːvəlɪŋ/

totally submissive

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

Hollis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading "It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.

imposingadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ/

impressive in appearance

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

Josiah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

LanenounUS /leɪn/

a narrow way or road

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

LovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

MarianounUS /mərˈiːə/

a dark region of considerable extent on the surface of the moon

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

meageradjectiveUS /ˈmiːɡər/

deficient in amount or quality or extent

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

MunicipaladjectiveUS /mjuːˈnɪsəpəl/

relating or belonging to or characteristic of a municipality

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

paintverbUS /peɪnt/

make a painting

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

processverbUS /ˈprɑːses/

subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

quarternounUS /ˈkwɔːrtər/

one of four equal parts

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

reluctantlyadverbUS /rɪˈlʌktəntli/

with reluctance

From this reading "It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

RiseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

risksnounUS /rɪsks/

plural of “risk” — a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading "It is--if he risks it," Josiah reluctantly allowed.

sadlyadverbUS /ˈsædli/

in an unfortunate way

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

shopverbUS /ʃɑːp/

do one's shopping

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

signboardnoun

structure displaying a board on which advertisements can be posted

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

tearfuladjectiveUS /ˈtɪrfəl/

filled with or marked by tears

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

tramnounUS /træm/

a conveyance that transports passengers or freight in carriers suspended from cables and supported by a series of towers

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

twopencenoun

a former United Kingdom silver coin; United Kingdom bronze decimal coin worth two pennies

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Five doors up on the left was a meager house that had been converted into a greengrocer's shop.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Maria became so tearful that she was unable to continue her dinner.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By far the most imposing thing about it was a signboard, which, although sadly in need of a coat of paint, boldly displayed the name William Hollis Fruiterer, in white letters on a black ground.

XVIIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of seventeen and one

From this reading XVIII The next morning, about a quarter to ten, Josiah boarded a Municipal tram at the foot of The Rise, earning in the process the almost groveling respect of its conductor, and paid twopence for a journey to Love Lane.

Chapter 4 of The Undefeated by J. C. (John Collis) Snaith holds 438 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Undefeated contain?

Chapter 4 holds 438 sentences of The Undefeated, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Undefeated by J. C. (John Collis) Snaith exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 438 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Undefeated?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Undefeated

Common questions about reading The Undefeated by J. C. (John Collis) Snaith on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Undefeated?

Yes. All 4728 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #63546 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Undefeated is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #63546, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Undefeated take to read?

About 394 minutes of reading across 946 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Undefeated section by section

How to work through The Undefeated section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of The Undefeated to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Undefeated

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Undefeated, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undefeated; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sailor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undefeated; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Broke
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undefeated; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Covenden
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undefeated; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.