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The Underground City
The Underground City

Chapter VII · New Aberfoyle

Cover illustration for The Underground City
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The old overman’s experiment had succeeded.
Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.
As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.
“Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.
It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Underground City

Chapter VII · New Aberfoyle

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The old overman’s experiment had succeeded.
Line 2
Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.
Line 3
As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.
Line 4
“Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.
Line 5
It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Behind preposition US /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading ““Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.”

Deserted verb US /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

left a place or vessel without intending to return

From this reading “It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.”

Determined adjective US /dɪˈtɜrmɪnd/

having firmly decided to do something

From this reading “As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.”

Mine pronoun US /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.”

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.”

Precious adjective US /ˈpreʃəs/

rare and worth a great deal

From this reading “Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.”

Soundings plural noun US /ˈsaʊndɪŋz/

measurements of the depth of water

From this reading ““Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.”

Therefore adverb US /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading “Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.”

Thought noun US /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading ““Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.”

Well noun US /well/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.

anew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

apparatus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

bed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

carboniferous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

coal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

combustible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

desertedverbUS /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

left a place or vessel without intending to return

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜrmɪnd/

having firmly decided to do something

From this reading As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.

doubted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

existence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

experiment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old overman’s experiment had succeeded.

Firedamp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

generated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The old overman’s experiment had succeeded.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.

James

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

known

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

later

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.

lies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

longer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old overman’s experiment had succeeded.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

overman's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old overman’s experiment had succeeded.

preciousadjectiveUS /ˈpreʃəs/

rare and worth a great deal

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

quality

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.

seams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

set

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

size

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.

soundingsplural nounUS /ˈsaʊndɪŋz/

measurements of the depth of water

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

Starr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

succeeded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old overman’s experiment had succeeded.

ten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The old overman’s experiment had succeeded.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

thoughtnounUS /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As to its size and quality, that must be determined later.

undiscovered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

vein

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

vexatious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

wall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.

well

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firedamp, it is well known, is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of precious combustible could no longer be doubted.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is vexatious that all the apparatus of the mine, deserted for ten years, must be set up anew.

Yes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Yes,” thought James Starr, “behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed, undiscovered by our soundings.