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The Undying Past
The Undying Past

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Undying Past is here in full — 394 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Undying Past
Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.
"It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.
"Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.
I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."
"Why have you taken up this Hertha?" he asked.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Undying Past

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Undying Past is here in full — 394 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.
Line 2
"It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.
/ɪt ɪz ˈnɪrli tuː jɪrz naʊ hɪz ˈmʌðər ˈænsərd/
Line 3
"Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.
/jes ɪt wɑːz wen ðə ɡɜːrlz left skuːl ənd keɪm hoʊm/
Line 4
I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."
Line 5
"Why have you taken up this Hertha?" he asked.
/waɪ hæv juː ˈteɪkən ʌp ðɪs ˈhɜːrθə hiː æskt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

become verb US /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading “I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."”

frowning adjective US /ˈfraʊnɪŋ/

showing displeasure or anger

From this reading “"How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.”

girls noun US /ɡɜːrlz/

plural of “girl” — a young female

From this reading “"Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.”

Hertha noun US /ˈhɜːrθə/

the Teutonic goddess of fertility; later identified with Norse Njord

From this reading “I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."”

nearly adverb US /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading “"It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.”

nice adjective US /naɪs/

pleasant or pleasing or agreeable in nature or appearance

From this reading “I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."”

school noun US /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading “"Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.”

wanted adjective US /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading “I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

two years noun + noun

In this reading “"It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.”

came home verb + noun counted as “come home”

become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions

In this reading “"Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.

answeredverbUS /ˈænsərd/

past form of “answer” — react verbally

From this reading "It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading "How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading "Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.

Elly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

frowningadjectiveUS /ˈfraʊnɪŋ/

showing displeasure or anger

From this reading "How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.

girlsnounUS /ɡɜːrlz/

plural of “girl” — a young female

From this reading "Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading "How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

HerthanounUS /ˈhɜːrθə/

the Teutonic goddess of fertility; later identified with Norse Njord

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

Hertha's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading "Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading "Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading "How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading "It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading "It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.

niceadjectiveUS /naɪs/

pleasant or pleasing or agreeable in nature or appearance

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading "It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading "Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading "Why have you taken up this Hertha?" he asked.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "How long has this been going on?" he asked, frowning.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading "It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading "Why have you taken up this Hertha?" he asked.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

wantedadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading "Why have you taken up this Hertha?" he asked.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading I sent Elly there because it was Hertha's school, and I wanted the girls to become friends, and thought it would be nice to have Hertha in the house to make her home with us."

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading "It is nearly two years now," his mother answered.

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading "Yes, it was when the girls left school and came home.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Why have you taken up this Hertha?" he asked.

Chapter 4 of The Undying Past by Hermann Sudermann holds 394 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Undying Past contain?

Chapter 4 holds 394 sentences of The Undying Past, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Undying Past by Hermann Sudermann exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 394 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Undying Past?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Undying Past

Common questions about reading The Undying Past by Hermann Sudermann on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Undying Past?

Yes. All 10467 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34156 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Undying Past is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34156, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Undying Past take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2094 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Undying Past section by section

How to work through The Undying Past section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of The Undying Past to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Undying Past

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Undying Past, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Diphthong
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undying Past; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represented
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undying Past; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mid-day
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undying Past; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fiercely
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undying Past; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.