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The Undying Past
The Undying Past

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Undying Past is here in full — 413 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In one thing, however, Johanna had been right.
If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.
If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.
It would, indeed, be cowardice not to do so.
Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Undying Past

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Undying Past is here in full — 413 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In one thing, however, Johanna had been right.
Line 2
If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.
Line 3
If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.
Line 4
It would, indeed, be cowardice not to do so.
/ɪt wʊd ˌɪnˈdiːd biː ˈkaʊərdəs nɑːt tuː duː soʊ/
Line 5
Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.
/bɪˈsaɪdz ʃiː wɑːz soʊ veɪn ðæt ʃiː maɪt ˈiːzəli ˌɪnˈtɜːrprət hɪz əˈvɔɪdɪŋ hɜːr æz ə saɪn ðæt hiː wɑːz əˈfreɪd tuː miːt hɜːr bɪˈkɔːz hiː hæd prəˈzɜːrvd ðə oʊld ˈpæʃən ˌɪnˈtækt ɪn hɪz hɑːrt ɔːl ðiːz jɪrz wɪð ˈdɔːɡlaɪk fəˈdeləti/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

avoiding verb US /əˈvɔɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “avoid” — stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading “Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.”

cowardice noun US /ˈkaʊərdəs/

the trait of lacking courage

From this reading “It would, indeed, be cowardice not to do so.”

doglike adjective US /ˈdɔːɡlaɪk/

resembling a dog; especially in devotion

From this reading “Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.”

fidelity noun US /fəˈdeləti/

accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal

From this reading “Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.”

intact adjective US /ˌɪnˈtækt/

constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

From this reading “Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.”

interpret verb US /ˌɪnˈtɜːrprət/

make sense of; assign a meaning to

From this reading “Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.”

vacillating adjective US /ˈvæsəleɪtɪŋ/

uncertain in purpose or action

From this reading “If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.”

welfare noun US /ˈwelfer/

governmental provision of economic assistance to persons in need

From this reading “If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

afraidadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

avoidingverbUS /əˈvɔɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “avoid” — stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In one thing, however, Johanna had been right.

BesidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

cowardicenounUS /ˈkaʊərdəs/

the trait of lacking courage

From this reading It would, indeed, be cowardice not to do so.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading It would, indeed, be cowardice not to do so.

doglikeadjectiveUS /ˈdɔːɡlaɪk/

resembling a dog; especially in devotion

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

Felicitas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

fidelitynounUS /fəˈdeləti/

accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

guiltnounUS /ɡɪlt/

the state of having committed an offense

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In one thing, however, Johanna had been right.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading In one thing, however, Johanna had been right.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In one thing, however, Johanna had been right.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading It would, indeed, be cowardice not to do so.

intactadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtækt/

constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

interpretverbUS /ˌɪnˈtɜːrprət/

make sense of; assign a meaning to

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

Johanna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In one thing, however, Johanna had been right.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In one thing, however, Johanna had been right.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

passionnounUS /ˈpæʃən/

a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

preservedadjectiveUS /prəˈzɜːrvd/

prevented from decaying or spoiling and prepared for future use

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

remindverbUS /riˈmaɪnd/

put in the mind of someone

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading In one thing, however, Johanna had been right.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

signnounUS /saɪn/

a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It would, indeed, be cowardice not to do so.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading In one thing, however, Johanna had been right.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

Ulrich's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

vacillatingadjectiveUS /ˈvæsəleɪtɪŋ/

uncertain in purpose or action

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

weakadjectiveUS /wiːk/

wanting in physical strength

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

welfarenounUS /ˈwelfer/

governmental provision of economic assistance to persons in need

From this reading If it was true that their common guilt had really given him a power over her weak and vacillating nature, he must use that power for Ulrich's welfare.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading If Felicitas did not understand what was due to the honour of her house he must be the first and only one to remind her of her duty.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It would, indeed, be cowardice not to do so.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Besides, she was so vain that she might easily interpret his avoiding her as a sign that he was afraid to meet her because he had preserved the old passion intact in his heart all these years with doglike fidelity.

Chapter 9 of The Undying Past by Hermann Sudermann holds 413 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of The Undying Past contain?

Chapter 9 holds 413 sentences of The Undying Past, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of The Undying Past by Hermann Sudermann exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 413 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of The Undying Past?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Undying Past

Common questions about reading The Undying Past by Hermann Sudermann on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Undying Past?

Yes. All 10467 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34156 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Undying Past is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34156, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Undying Past take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2094 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Undying Past section by section

How to work through The Undying Past section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of The Undying Past to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Undying Past

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Undying Past, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Diphthong
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undying Past; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represented
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undying Past; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mid-day
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undying Past; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fiercely
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Undying Past; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.