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The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems
The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems is here in full — 285 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems
Context Illustration Reading 1/57 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?
"Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?
VI.
"Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?
"Arts, Learning, Commerce are in FREDERIC dead.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems is here in full — 285 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?
Line 2
"Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?
Line 3
VI.
/vaɪ/
Line 4
"Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?
Line 5
"Arts, Learning, Commerce are in FREDERIC dead.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Arts noun US /ɑːrts/

studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)

From this reading “"Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?”

commerce noun US /ˈkɑːmərs/

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading “"Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?”

liege noun US /liːdʒ/

a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading “"Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?”

plume verb US /pluːm/

rip off; ask an unreasonable price

From this reading “"Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?”

pristine adjective US /ˈprɪstin/

completely free from dirt or contamination

From this reading “"Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?”

prop noun US /prɑːp/

a support placed beneath or against something to keep it from shaking or falling

From this reading “"Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?”

vengeful adjective US /ˈvendʒfəl/

disposed to seek revenge or intended for revenge

From this reading “"Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?”

wield verb US /wiːld/

have and exercise

From this reading “"Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "Arts, Learning, Commerce are in FREDERIC dead.

ArtsnounUS /ɑːrts/

studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

bidverbUS /bɪd/

propose a payment

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

Britannia's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

commercenounUS /ˈkɑːmərs/

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

daringnounUS /ˈderɪŋ/

a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading "Arts, Learning, Commerce are in FREDERIC dead.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

fatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

FREDERIC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Arts, Learning, Commerce are in FREDERIC dead.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

goldenadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊldən/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

honoursnoun

a university degree with honors

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Arts, Learning, Commerce are in FREDERIC dead.

justicenounUS /ˈdʒʌstəs/

the quality of being just or fair

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

laurell'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

LearningnounUS /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/

the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge

From this reading "Arts, Learning, Commerce are in FREDERIC dead.

Learning's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

liegenounUS /liːdʒ/

a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

Mercy's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

ope

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

OrconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

plumeverbUS /pluːm/

rip off; ask an unreasonable price

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

pristineadjectiveUS /ˈprɪstin/

completely free from dirt or contamination

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

propnounUS /prɑːp/

a support placed beneath or against something to keep it from shaking or falling

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

RearnounUS /rɪr/

the back of a military formation or procession

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

sov'reign

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

vengefuladjectiveUS /ˈvendʒfəl/

disposed to seek revenge or intended for revenge

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

VInounUS /vaɪ/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading VI.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

wieldverbUS /wiːld/

have and exercise

From this reading "Who now the vengeful sword of justice wield, "Or ope, like him, sweet Mercy's golden gate?

wingnounUS /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading "Who shall to Arts their pristine honours bring, "Rear from the dust fair Learning's laurell'd head, "Or bid rich commerce plume her daring wing?

yieldverbUS /jiːld/

be the cause or source of

From this reading "Who, when our sov'reign liege to fate shall yield, "Shall prop, like him, Britannia's falling state?

Chapter 3 of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems by Thomas [Compiler] Warton holds 285 sentences, grouped into 57 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems contain?

Chapter 3 holds 285 sentences of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems, unabridged, divided into 57 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems by Thomas [Compiler] Warton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 285 sentences, grouped into 57 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems?

Work through the 57 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 57 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems

Common questions about reading The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems by Thomas [Compiler] Warton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems?

Yes. All 1090 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40444 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40444, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems take to read?

About 90 minutes of reading across 218 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems section by section

How to work through The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Poems
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dubiam
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Facientia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carmina
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Union: Or, Select Scots and English Poems; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.