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The Unjust Steward
The Unjust Steward

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Unjust Steward is here in full — 126 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE MOWBRAYS.
Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.
They had come at the height of the season for the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.
It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.
Since then the gowff has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Unjust Steward

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Unjust Steward is here in full — 126 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE MOWBRAYS.
Line 2
Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.
Line 3
They had come at the height of the season forthe gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.
Line 4
It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubssticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.
Line 5
Since thenthe gowffhas had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contemptuously adverb US /kənˈtemptʃwəsli/

without respect; in a disdainful manner

From this reading “It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.”

cricket noun US /ˈkrɪkət/

leaping insect; male makes chirping noises by rubbing the forewings together

From this reading “It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.”

dedicated adjective US /ˈdedəkeɪtəd/

devoted to a cause or ideal or purpose

From this reading “Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.”

disabilities noun US /dɪsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “disability” — the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness

From this reading “Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.”

golf noun US /ɡɑːlf/

a game played on a large open course with 9 or 18 holes; the object is use as few strokes as possible in playing all the holes

From this reading “It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.”

reappeared verb US /ˌriːəˈpɪrd/

past form of “reappear” — appear again

From this reading “Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.”

Rule's noun US /ruːlz/

possessive form of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

scornful adjective US /ˈskɔːrnfəl/

expressing extreme contempt

From this reading “Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

smile grimly verb + particle

In this reading “Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.”

several occasions adjective + noun

In this reading “Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.”

short time adjective + noun

In this reading “Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.”

old gentlemen adjective + noun counted as “old gentleman”

In this reading “It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.”

penetrated into verb + particle counted as “penetrate into”

In this reading “It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.”

brought up verb + adjective counted as “bring up”

summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic

In this reading “They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.”

in fact preposition + noun

in reality or actuality

In this reading “It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.”

Since then preposition + adverb

In this reading “Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

badlyadverbUS /ˈbædli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

childhoodnounUS /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/

the time of person's life when they are a child

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

clubsnounUS /klʌbz/

plural of “club” — a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

contemptuouslyadverbUS /kənˈtemptʃwəsli/

without respect; in a disdainful manner

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

cricketnounUS /ˈkrɪkət/

leaping insect; male makes chirping noises by rubbing the forewings together

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

crowdsnounUS /kraʊdz/

plural of “crowd” — a large number of things or people considered together

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

dedicatedadjectiveUS /ˈdedəkeɪtəd/

devoted to a cause or ideal or purpose

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

disabilitiesnounUS /dɪsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “disability” — the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

eageradjectiveUS /ˈiːɡər/

having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

EnglishmannounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃmən/

a man who is a native or inhabitant of England

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

FrankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

gamenounUS /ɡeɪm/

a contest with rules to determine a winner

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

generationsnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “generation” — all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

golfnounUS /ɡɑːlf/

a game played on a large open course with 9 or 18 holes; the object is use as few strokes as possible in playing all the holes

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

gowff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

grimlyadverbUS /ˈɡrɪmli/

in a grim implacable manner

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

indignationnounUS /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

Mowbray

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

MOWBRAYS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE MOWBRAYS.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

nativesnounUS /ˈneɪtɪvz/

plural of “native” — an indigenous person who was born in a particular place

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

occasionsnounUS /əˈkeɪʒənz/

something you have to do

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

penetratedverbUS /ˈpenətreɪtɪd/

past form of “penetrate” — pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

playedadjectiveUS /pleɪd/

(of games) engaged in

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

properlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

reappearedverbUS /ˌriːəˈpɪrd/

past form of “reappear” — appear again

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

revenges

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

Rule'snounUS /ruːlz/

possessive form of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

scornfuladjectiveUS /ˈskɔːrnfəl/

expressing extreme contempt

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

scornfullyadverb

without respect; in a disdainful manner

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

silentadjectiveUS /ˈsaɪlənt/

marked by absence of sound

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

SinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

smileverbUS /smaɪl/

change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

sticksnounUS /stɪks/

plural of “stick” — an implement consisting of a length of wood

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

strangersnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE MOWBRAYS.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Since then “the gowff” has had its revenges, and it is now the natives who are scornful, and smile grimly over the crowds of the strangers who are so eager, but never can get over the disabilities of a childhood not dedicated to golf.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

visitorsnounUS /ˈvɪzɪtərz/

plural of “visitor” — someone who visits

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They had come at the height of the season for “the gowff,” which Frank, not having been a St. Rule’s boy, nor properly brought up to it, played badly like an Englishman.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It must be understood that this was generations before golf had penetrated into England, and when it was, in fact, thought of contemptuously by most of the chance visitors, who considered it a game for old gentlemen, and compared it scornfully with cricket, and called the clubs “sticks,” to the hot indignation of the natives.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Mrs. Mowbray and her son had reappeared for a short time on several occasions during these silent years.

Chapter 12 of The Unjust Steward by Mrs. (Margaret) Oliphant holds 126 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Unjust Steward contain?

Chapter 12 holds 126 sentences of The Unjust Steward, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Unjust Steward by Mrs. (Margaret) Oliphant exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 126 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Unjust Steward?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Unjust Steward

Common questions about reading The Unjust Steward by Mrs. (Margaret) Oliphant on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Unjust Steward?

Yes. All 3388 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55166 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Unjust Steward is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55166, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Unjust Steward take to read?

About 282 minutes of reading across 678 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Unjust Steward section by section

How to work through The Unjust Steward section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of The Unjust Steward to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Unjust Steward

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Unjust Steward, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Elsie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Unjust Steward; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Roderick
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Unjust Steward; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Buchanan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Unjust Steward; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Daughter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Unjust Steward; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.