Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Unwilling Vestal
The Unwilling Vestal

Chapter XXI · Ordeal

Cover illustration for The Unwilling Vestal
Context Illustration Reading 1/66 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.
He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.
Causidiena, on account of her failing sight, was escorted by Manlia and Gargilia.
After the exchange of ceremonious greetings Commodus asked:
“Where is Brinnaria?
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Unwilling Vestal

Chapter XXI · Ordeal

Reading 1/66 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.
Line 2
He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.
Line 3
Causidiena, on account of her failing sight, was escorted by Manlia and Gargilia.
Line 4
After the exchange of ceremonious greetings Commodus asked:
Line 5
“Where is Brinnaria?

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “After the exchange of ceremonious greetings Commodus asked:”

Afternoon noun US /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.”

Again noun US /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.”

Asked noun US /asked/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “After the exchange of ceremonious greetings Commodus asked:”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.”

Morning noun US /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.”

Next noun US /next/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

account

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Causidiena, on account of her failing sight, was escorted by Manlia and Gargilia.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After the exchange of ceremonious greetings Commodus asked:

afternoonnounUS /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

againnounUS /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

aides

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

apparelled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

askednounUS /asked/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading After the exchange of ceremonious greetings Commodus asked:

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

Atrium

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

Brinnaria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Where is Brinnaria?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

Causidiena

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

ceremonious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the exchange of ceremonious greetings Commodus asked:

close

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

Commodus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

conference

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

convoyed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

dawn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

Emperor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

equerries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

escorted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Causidiena, on account of her failing sight, was escorted by Manlia and Gargilia.

exchange

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the exchange of ceremonious greetings Commodus asked:

failing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Causidiena, on account of her failing sight, was escorted by Manlia and Gargilia.

formal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

full

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

Gargilia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Causidiena, on account of her failing sight, was escorted by Manlia and Gargilia.

gaudily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

gentlemen-in-waiting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

gorgeously

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

greetings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the exchange of ceremonious greetings Commodus asked:

guards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Causidiena, on account of her failing sight, was escorted by Manlia and Gargilia.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Where is Brinnaria?

late

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

Lutorius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

magnificent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

Manlia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Causidiena, on account of her failing sight, was escorted by Manlia and Gargilia.

Maximus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

morningnounUS /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

nextnounUS /next/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

night

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

Numisia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

officially

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Causidiena, on account of her failing sight, was escorted by Manlia and Gargilia.

orderlies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

pages

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

paid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

Pontifex

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

previous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

received

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

regalia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

retinue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

sight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Causidiena, on account of her failing sight, was escorted by Manlia and Gargilia.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

uniformed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

visit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE next day Commodus, officially, in his full regalia as Emperor and Pontifex Maximus, convoyed by a magnificent retinue of gorgeously apparelled gentlemen-in-waiting, equerries, aides, orderlies and pages, and of gaudily uniformed guards, paid a formal visit to the Atrium.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading “Where is Brinnaria?

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He was received by Lutorius, Causidiena and Numisia, who had been in close conference most of the previous afternoon and until late at night and again most of the morning from dawn.