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The Vagrant Duke
The Vagrant Duke

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of The Vagrant Duke is here in full — 439 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.
The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.
That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.
When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.
It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Vagrant Duke

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of The Vagrant Duke is here in full — 439 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.
Line 2
The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.
Line 3
That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.
Line 4
When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.
Line 5
It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Beth noun US /beθ/

the 2nd letter of the Hebrew alphabet

From this reading “SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.”

crusty adjective US /ˈkrʌsti/

having a hardened crust as a covering

From this reading “That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.”

mishap noun US /ˈmɪshæp/

an unpredictable outcome that is unfortunate

From this reading “That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.”

polo noun US /ˈpoʊloʊ/

Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan (1254-1324)

From this reading “It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.”

Russia's noun US /ˈrʌʃəz/

possessive form of “russia” — a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991

From this reading “SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.”

self-respecting adjective US /ˌselfrɪˈspektɪŋ/

having or showing self-esteem

From this reading “When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.”

superman noun US /ˈsuːpərmən/

a person with great powers and abilities

From this reading “SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.”

swagger verb US /ˈswæɡər/

to walk with a lofty proud gait, often in an attempt to impress others

From this reading “It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

agedadjectiveUS /eɪdʒd/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

Algernon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

BethnounUS /beθ/

the 2nd letter of the Hebrew alphabet

From this reading SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

Cameron

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.

clubnounUS /klʌb/

a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.

crustyadjectiveUS /ˈkrʌsti/

having a hardened crust as a covering

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

didn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

dukesnounUS /duːks/

plural of “duke” — a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

EnglishmannounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃmən/

a man who is a native or inhabitant of England

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

grandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

heronounUS /ˈhɪroʊ/

a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

horridadjectiveUS /ˈhɔːrəd/

exceedingly bad

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

houndsnounUS /haʊndz/

plural of “hound” — any of several breeds of dog used for hunting typically having large drooping ears

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

impressionnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.

likedadjectiveUS /laɪkt/

found pleasant or attractive; often used as a combining form

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

mishapnounUS /ˈmɪshæp/

an unpredictable outcome that is unfortunate

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

mostlyadverbUS /ˈmoʊstli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

niceadjectiveUS /naɪs/

pleasant or pleasing or agreeable in nature or appearance

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.

novelnounUS /ˈnɑːvəl/

an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

pagesnounUS /ˈpeɪdʒəz/

plural of “page” — one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

PeternounUS /ˈpiːtər/

disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

polonounUS /ˈpoʊloʊ/

Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan (1254-1324)

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

proudadjectiveUS /praʊd/

feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

remindedverbUS /riˈmaɪndɪd/

past form of “remind” — put in the mind of someone

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

Russia'snounUS /ˈrʌʃəz/

possessive form of “russia” — a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991

From this reading SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

self-respectingadjectiveUS /ˌselfrɪˈspektɪŋ/

having or showing self-esteem

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

SUPERMANnounUS /ˈsuːpərmən/

a person with great powers and abilities

From this reading SUPERMAN Of course Beth Cameron knew nothing of Russia's grand dukes.

swaggerverbUS /ˈswæɡər/

to walk with a lofty proud gait, often in an attempt to impress others

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

unpleasantadjectiveUS /ənˈplezənt/

offensive or disagreeable; causing discomfort or unhappiness

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

varietynounUS /vərˈaɪəti/

a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When she had said to Peter that he reminded her of Algernon she had meant it, and that was really very nice of her, because she thought Algernon all that a self-respecting hero should be.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The only Duke that she had ever met was in the pages of the novel she had read in which the hero was named Algernon.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading That Duke was of the English variety, proud, crusty, and aged and had only made an unpleasant impression upon her because she had liked Algernon, who had fallen in love with the daughter of the Duke, and the Duke had been very horrid to him in consequence or by reason of that mishap.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading It was true that Peter, though mostly an Englishman, didn't play polo and ride to hounds or swagger around a club and order people about, because he was too poor and was obliged to work for his living.

Chapter 16 of The Vagrant Duke by George Gibbs holds 439 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of The Vagrant Duke contain?

Chapter 16 holds 439 sentences of The Vagrant Duke, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of The Vagrant Duke by George Gibbs exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 439 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of The Vagrant Duke?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Vagrant Duke

Common questions about reading The Vagrant Duke by George Gibbs on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Vagrant Duke?

Yes. All 8183 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #29617 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Vagrant Duke is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #29617, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Vagrant Duke take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1637 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Vagrant Duke section by section

How to work through The Vagrant Duke section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of The Vagrant Duke to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Vagrant Duke

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Vagrant Duke, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vagrant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vagrant Duke; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Splendid
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vagrant Duke; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Outcast
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vagrant Duke; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Black
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vagrant Duke; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.