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The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two
The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two is here in full — 285 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two
Context Illustration Reading 21/57 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.
Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?
Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?
For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?
Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two is here in full — 285 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 21/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 101–105

Line 1
Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.
Line 2
Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?
Line 3
Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?
Line 4
For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?
Line 5
Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aids noun US /eɪdz/

a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles

From this reading “Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.”

Foundations noun US /faʊnˈdeɪʃənz/

plural of “foundation” — the basis on which something is grounded

From this reading “For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?”

louder adjective US /ˈlaʊdər/

comparative of “loud” — characterized by or producing sound of great volume or intensity

From this reading “Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?”

richest adjective US /ˈrɪtʃəst/

superlative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading “Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?”

safer adjective US /ˈseɪfər/

comparative of “safe” — free from danger or the risk of harm

From this reading “Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?”

Sighs noun US /saɪz/

plural of “sigh” — an utterance made by exhaling audibly

From this reading “Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.”

stings noun US /stɪŋz/

plural of “sting” — a kind of pain; something as sudden and painful as being stung

From this reading “Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.”

Trent noun US /trent/

a river in central England that flows generally northeastward to join with the Ouse River and form the Humber

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aidsnounUS /eɪdz/

a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

BanksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

BlowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

contentnounUS /ˈkɑːntent/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

DiseasenounUS /dɪˈziːz/

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

EndnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

FaithnounUS /feɪθ/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

FatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

FollynounUS /ˈfɑːli/

the trait of acting stupidly or rashly

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

FoundationsnounUS /faʊnˈdeɪʃənz/

plural of “foundation” — the basis on which something is grounded

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

GriefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

Gulphs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

humbleadjectiveUS /ˈhʌmbəl/

low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

KingsnounUS /kɪŋz/

plural of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

LandlordnounUS /ˈlændlɔːrd/

a landowner who leases to others

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

liv'st

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

louderadjectiveUS /ˈlaʊdər/

comparative of “loud” — characterized by or producing sound of great volume or intensity

From this reading Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

Misfortune's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

OrconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

PeacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

PridenounUS /praɪd/

a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

raiseverbUS /reɪz/

raise the level or amount of something

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

remember'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

repineverb

express discontent

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

reproachnounUS /riˈproʊtʃ/

a mild rebuke or criticism

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

richestadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃəst/

superlative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

RuinnounUS /ˈruːən/

an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

snounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

saferadjectiveUS /ˈseɪfər/

comparative of “safe” — free from danger or the risk of harm

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

Shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

SighsnounUS /saɪz/

plural of “sigh” — an utterance made by exhaling audibly

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

sinkverbUS /sɪŋk/

fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

SpeakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

StepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

stingsnounUS /stɪŋz/

plural of “sting” — a kind of pain; something as sudden and painful as being stung

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

thnounUS /ˈtiːˈeɪtʃ/

the fifth day of the week; the fourth working day

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Grief aids Disease, remember'd Folly stings, And his last Sighs reproach the Faith of Kings.

thinepronounUS /ðaɪn/

an old word for “yours”

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

thoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

ThoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Why but to sink beneath Misfortune's Blow, With louder Ruin to the Gulphs below?

TrentnounUS /trent/

a river in central England that flows generally northeastward to join with the Ouse River and form the Humber

From this reading Or liv'st thou now, with safer Pride content, The richest Landlord on the Banks of _Trent_?

weakadjectiveUS /wiːk/

wanting in physical strength

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

WealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

WeightnounUS /weɪt/

the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading For why did _Wolsey_ by the Steps of Fate, On weak Foundations raise th' enormous Weight?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

Wolsey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Speak thou, whose Thoughts at humble Peace repine, Shall _Wolsey_'s Wealth, with _Wolsey_'s End be thine?

Chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two by Samuel Johnson holds 285 sentences, grouped into 57 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two contain?

Chapter 1 holds 285 sentences of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two, unabridged, divided into 57 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two by Samuel Johnson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 285 sentences, grouped into 57 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two?

Work through the 57 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 57 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two

Common questions about reading The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two by Samuel Johnson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two?

Yes. All 285 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13350 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13350, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two take to read?

About 23 minutes of reading across 57 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two section by section

How to work through The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vanity
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Human
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wishes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.