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The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two
The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two is here in full — 285 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two
Context Illustration Reading 32/57 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?
Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?
Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.
Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.
Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.
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The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two is here in full — 285 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 32/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 156–160

Line 1
Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?
Line 2
Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?
/mʌst noʊ dɪˈslaɪk əˈlɑːrm noʊ ˈwɪʃɪz raɪz noʊ kraɪz əˈtempt ðə ˈmɜːrsiːz ʌv ðə skaɪz/
Line 3
Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.
Line 4
Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.
Line 5
Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Ambush verb US /ˈæmbʊʃ/

wait in hiding to attack

From this reading “Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.”

deem verb US /diːm/

keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading “Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.”

discern verb US /dɪˈsɜːrn/

detect with the senses

From this reading “Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.”

Enquirer noun US /ɪnˈkwaɪrər/

someone who asks a question

From this reading “Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.”

Mercies noun US /ˈmɜːrsiːz/

plural of “mercy” — leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice

From this reading “Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?”

Petitions noun US /pəˈtɪʃənz/

plural of “petition” — a formal message requesting something that is submitted to an authority

From this reading “Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.”

sedate adjective US /sɪˈdeɪt/

characterized by dignity and propriety

From this reading “Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?”

specious adjective US /ˈspiːʃəs/

plausible but false

From this reading “Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

afaradverbUS /əˈfɑːr/

(old-fashioned) at or from or to a great distance; far

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

alarmnounUS /əˈlɑːrm/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?

AmbushverbUS /ˈæmbʊʃ/

wait in hiding to attack

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

ceaseverbUS /siːs/

put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

ChoicenounUS /tʃɔɪs/

the person or thing chosen or selected

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

CriesnounUS /kraɪz/

plural of “cry” — a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

From this reading Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?

CurrentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

darklingadjective

uncannily or threateningly dark or obscure

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

deemverbUS /diːm/

keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

discernverbUS /dɪˈsɜːrn/

detect with the senses

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

DislikenounUS /dɪˈslaɪk/

an inclination to withhold approval from some person or group

From this reading Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

EnquirernounUS /ɪnˈkwaɪrər/

someone who asks a question

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

EyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

FatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

GoodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

Heav'n

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

helplessadjectiveUS /ˈhelpləs/

lacking in or deprived of strength or power

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

IgnorancenounUS /ˈɪɡnərəns/

the lack of knowledge or education

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

MannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

MeasurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

MerciesnounUS /ˈmɜːrsiːz/

plural of “mercy” — leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice

From this reading Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?

Mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

PetitionsnounUS /pəˈtɪʃənz/

plural of “petition” — a formal message requesting something that is submitted to an authority

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

Pow'r

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

Pray'r

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

raiseverbUS /reɪz/

raise the level or amount of something

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

ReligionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?

SafeadjectiveUS /seɪf/

free from danger or the risk of harm

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

sedateadjectiveUS /sɪˈdeɪt/

characterized by dignity and propriety

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

SkiesnounUS /skaɪz/

plural of “sky” — the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?

speciousadjectiveUS /ˈspiːʃəs/

plausible but false

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

StilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

supplicating

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

SwimverbUS /swɪm/

travel through water

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Must helpless Man, in Ignorance sedate, Swim darkling down the Current of his Fate?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

VoicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading Still raise for Good the supplicating Voice, But leave to Heav'n the Measure and the Choice.

WhichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Safe in his Pow'r, whose Eyes discern afar The secret Ambush of a specious Pray'r.

WishesnounUS /ˈwɪʃɪz/

plural of “wish” — a specific feeling of desire

From this reading Must no Dislike alarm, no Wishes rise, No Cries attempt the Mercies of the Skies?

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Enquirer, cease, Petitions yet remain, Which Heav'n may hear, nor deem Religion vain.

Chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two by Samuel Johnson holds 285 sentences, grouped into 57 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two contain?

Chapter 1 holds 285 sentences of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two, unabridged, divided into 57 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two by Samuel Johnson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 285 sentences, grouped into 57 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two?

Work through the 57 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 57 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two by Samuel Johnson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two?

Yes. All 285 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13350 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13350, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two take to read?

About 23 minutes of reading across 57 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vanity
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Human
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wishes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.