Chapter VIII

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They welcomed fighting during the whole of the Revolution and in 1812 they again faced the Redcoats.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

anew

From this reading They welcomed fighting during the whole of the Revolution and in 1812 they again faced the Redcoats.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The people were of a military temper and the spirit militant had always possessed them.

plural of “ancestor” — someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

weapons considered collectively

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

back and sides of a hog salted and dried or smoked; usually sliced thin and fried

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

possessive form of “bacon” — back and sides of a hog salted and dried or smoked; usually sliced thin and fried

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

Irish philosopher and Anglican bishop who opposed the materialism of Thomas Hobbes (1685-1753)

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

shining intensely

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

plural of “cavalier” — a gallant or courtly gentleman

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading They welcomed fighting during the whole of the Revolution and in 1812 they again faced the Redcoats.

a feeling of excitement

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

having a face or facing especially of a specified kind or number; often used in combination

From this reading They welcomed fighting during the whole of the Revolution and in 1812 they again faced the Redcoats.

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

the act of fighting; any contest or struggle

From this reading They welcomed fighting during the whole of the Revolution and in 1812 they again faced the Redcoats.

start firing a weapon

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

an enclosed chamber in which heat is produced to heat buildings, destroy refuse, smelt or refine ores, etc.

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

disposed to warfare or hard-line policies

From this reading The people were of a military temper and the spirit militant had always possessed them.

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading The people were of a military temper and the spirit militant had always possessed them.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The people were of a military temper and the spirit militant had always possessed them.

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading The people were of a military temper and the spirit militant had always possessed them.

on the contrary

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

refusal to accept some authority or code or convention

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

plural of “redcoat” — British soldier; so-called because of his red coat (especially during the American Revolution)

From this reading They welcomed fighting during the whole of the Revolution and in 1812 they again faced the Redcoats.

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading They welcomed fighting during the whole of the Revolution and in 1812 they again faced the Redcoats.

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

Identical; not different.

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

term of address for a man

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

in the near future

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading The people were of a military temper and the spirit militant had always possessed them.

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

in a stubborn unregenerate manner

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading The people were of a military temper and the spirit militant had always possessed them.

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The people were of a military temper and the spirit militant had always possessed them.

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Their ancestors, having fought stubbornly for Charles the First, had come to Virginia rather than submit to Cromwellianism.

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

inflected form of “uphold” — keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

plural of “virginian” — a native or resident of Virginia

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE MEETING All Virginia had caught fire and was immediately a blazing furnace of enthusiasm.

past form of “welcome” — accept gladly

From this reading They welcomed fighting during the whole of the Revolution and in 1812 they again faced the Redcoats.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The people were of a military temper and the spirit militant had always possessed them.

which person or people

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading They welcomed fighting during the whole of the Revolution and in 1812 they again faced the Redcoats.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.

a late time of life

From this reading Almost as soon as these cavaliers became Virginians, they took up arms in Bacon’s Rebellion and fought so stubbornly that fifty years afterwards families who had been in the Nathaniel Bacon cause would not walk on the same side of the street or road as those who had upheld Sir William Berkeley.