Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Virginians
The Virginians

Chapter XVIII · Rake's Progress

Cover illustration for The Virginians
Context Illustration Reading 1/53 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.
The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.
As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.
As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.
And in public and private morality?
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Virginians

Chapter XVIII · Rake's Progress

Reading 1/53 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.
Line 2
The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.
Line 3
As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.
Line 4
As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.
Line 5
And in public and private morality?

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.”

Couple noun US /ˈkʌpəl/

two people or things considered together

From this reading “As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.”

Gentleman noun US /ˈgentleman/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.”

Hence adverb US /hens/

for this reason

From this reading “The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.”

Know noun US /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.”

Ours pronoun US /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading “The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.”

Point noun US /pɔɪnt/

the main matter or purpose being discussed

From this reading “As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.”

Scarce adjective US /skɛrs/

hard to find or in short supply

From this reading “As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.”

Still noun US /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.”

Sure noun US /sure/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.”

Think noun US /think/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.”

Though conjunction US /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading “As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.”

Took noun US /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.”

Yourselves pronoun US /jʊrˈselvz/

used when the people spoken to are both doing and receiving the action

From this reading “As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

advanced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

ancestors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

ancients

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

Athens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

beaten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

book-learning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

busy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

Cambridge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

controversy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

couplenounUS /ˈkʌpəl/

two people or things considered together

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

determining

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

Europe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

existed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

favour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

former

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

generally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

gentlemannounUS /ˈgentleman/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

Gibbon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

give

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

Glasgow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

grace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

grandchildren

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

Greek

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

Harry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

heathen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.

heed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

henceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

hundred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

including

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

indeed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

inferior

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.

judgment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

knownounUS /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

learned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

literary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

literature

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.

merits

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

mighty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

moderns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

morality

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And in public and private morality?

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

O

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

ourspronounUS /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

owned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.

People

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

the main matter or purpose being discussed

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

present

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

pretty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

private

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And in public and private morality?

professors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

pronounced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

public

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And in public and private morality?

relative

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

respectable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

scarceadjectiveUS /skɛrs/

hard to find or in short supply

From this reading As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.

science

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.

speculate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

stillnounUS /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

surenounUS /sure/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

thinknounUS /think/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

tooknounUS /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

universities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

Warrington's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

world

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moderns of that day are the ancients of ours, and we speculate upon them in the present year of grace, as our grandchildren, a hundred years hence, will give their judgment about us.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading People were still very busy in Harry Warrington's time (not that our young gentleman took much heed of the controversy) in determining the relative literary merits of the ancients and the moderns; and the learned, and the world with them, indeed, pretty generally pronounced in favour of the former.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading As for your book-learning, O respectable ancestors (though, to be sure, you have the mighty Gibbon with you), I think you will own that you are beaten, and could point to a couple of professors at Cambridge and Glasgow who know more Greek than was to be had in your time in all the universities of Europe, including that of Athens, if such an one existed.

yourselvespronounUS /jʊrˈselvz/

used when the people spoken to are both doing and receiving the action

From this reading As for science, you were scarce more advanced than those heathen to whom in literature you owned yourselves inferior.