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The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2
The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 is here in full — 543 sentences across 109 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2
Context Illustration Reading 1/108 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.
Lines marked = were printed AND COUNTED as two lines.
Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
A carat character is used to denote superscription.
A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 is here in full — 543 sentences across 109 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/108 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.
Line 2
Lines marked = were printed AND COUNTED as two lines.
/laɪnz mɑːrkt wɜːr ˈprɪntɪd ənd ˈkaʊntɪd æz tuː laɪnz/
Line 3
Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
/tekst enˈkloʊzd baɪ ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz ɪz ɪn aɪˈtælɪks aɪˈtælɪks/
Line 4
A carat character is used to denote superscription.
Line 5
A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

brackets noun US /ˈbrækəts/

plural of “bracket” — a category falling within certain defined limits

From this reading “A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).”

carat noun US /ˈkerət/

a unit of weight for precious stones = 200 mg

From this reading “A carat character is used to denote superscription.”

curly adjective US /ˈkɜːrli/

(of hair) having curls or waves

From this reading “A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).”

denote verb US /dɪˈnoʊt/

be a sign or indication of

From this reading “A carat character is used to denote superscription.”

italics noun US /aɪˈtælɪks/

plural of “italic” — a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading “Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).”

pagination noun US /ˌpædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the system of numbering pages

From this reading “In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.”

tenth noun US /tenθ/

a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading “In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.”

underscores noun US /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

From this reading “Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

two lines noun + noun counted as “two line”

In this reading “Lines marked = were printed AND COUNTED as two lines.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A carat character is used to denote superscription.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Lines marked = were printed AND COUNTED as two lines.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Lines marked = were printed AND COUNTED as two lines.

bracketsnounUS /ˈbrækəts/

plural of “bracket” — a category falling within certain defined limits

From this reading A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).

caratnounUS /ˈkerət/

a unit of weight for precious stones = 200 mg

From this reading A carat character is used to denote superscription.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading A carat character is used to denote superscription.

COUNTEDverbUS /ˈkaʊntɪd/

past form of “count” — determine the number or amount of

From this reading Lines marked = were printed AND COUNTED as two lines.

curlyadjectiveUS /ˈkɜːrli/

(of hair) having curls or waves

From this reading A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

denoteverbUS /dɪˈnoʊt/

be a sign or indication of

From this reading A carat character is used to denote superscription.

displayedverbUS /dɪˈspleɪd/

past form of “display” — to show, make visible or apparent

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

editionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

enclosedadjectiveUS /enˈkloʊzd/

closed in or surrounded or included within

From this reading Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).

italicsnounUS /aɪˈtælɪks/

plural of “italic” — a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

LinesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Lines marked = were printed AND COUNTED as two lines.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Lines marked = were printed AND COUNTED as two lines.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

numbersnounUS /ˈnʌmbərz/

the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

pagenounUS /peɪdʒ/

one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

paginationnounUS /ˌpædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the system of numbering pages

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

perprepositionUS /pɜːr/

for each

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

superscripted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

superscriptionnoun

an inscription written above something else

From this reading A carat character is used to denote superscription.

synchronisedadjective

operating in unison

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

tenthnounUS /tenθ/

a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

TextnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

tinounUS /tiː/

a light strong grey lustrous corrosion-resistant metallic element used in strong lightweight alloys (as for airplane parts); the main sources are rutile and ilmenite

From this reading A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Lines marked = were printed AND COUNTED as two lines.

underscoresnounUS /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

From this reading Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading A carat character is used to denote superscription.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only one number per page.

xxxnoun

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading A single character, or group enclosed enclosed in curly brackets, following the carat is superscripted (example: .xxx.^{ti}).

Chapter 1 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 by William Langland holds 543 sentences, grouped into 109 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 543 sentences of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2, unabridged, divided into 109 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 by William Langland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 543 sentences, grouped into 109 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2?

Work through the 109 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 109 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Common questions about reading The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 by William Langland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2?

Yes. All 3964 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43661 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43661, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 take to read?

About 330 minutes of reading across 793 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 section by section

How to work through The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edition
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Numbers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Displayed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Every
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.