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The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2
The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 is here in full — 179 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2
Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
i. e. the beggars are thirsty.
Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.
_frost-bitten, and with aching fingers_.
Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.
Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 is here in full — 179 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
i. e. the beggars are thirsty.
/aɪ iː ðə ˈbeɡərz ɑːr ˈθɜːrsti/
Line 2
Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.
Line 3
_frost-bitten, and with aching fingers_.
Line 4
Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.
Line 5
Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aching adjective US /ˈeɪkɪŋ/

causing a dull and steady pain

From this reading “_frost-bitten, and with aching fingers_.”

beggars noun US /ˈbeɡərz/

plural of “beggar” — a pauper who lives by begging

From this reading “i. e. the beggars are thirsty.”

forefathers noun US /ˈfɔːrfɑːðərz/

plural of “forefather” — the founder of a family

inaccurately adverb US /ˌɪˈnækjərətli/

in an inaccurate manner

From this reading “Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.”

offend verb US /əˈfend/

cause to feel resentment or indignation

reads noun US /riːdz/

plural of “read” — something that is read

From this reading “Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.”

thirsty adjective US /ˈθɜːrsti/

needing moisture

From this reading “i. e. the beggars are thirsty.”

translation noun US /trænzˈleɪʃən/

a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading “Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

273

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

313

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

314

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

318

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

365

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

471

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.

a-furst

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.

a-furste

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

a-fyngred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.

a-gulte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

achingadjectiveUS /ˈeɪkɪŋ/

causing a dull and steady pain

From this reading _frost-bitten, and with aching fingers_.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

aiels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

aisliche

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading i. e. the beggars are thirsty.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

ayein

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

ayeins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

beggarsnounUS /ˈbeɡərz/

plural of “beggar” — a pauper who lives by begging

From this reading i. e. the beggars are thirsty.

beggeres

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

beoth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

CambridgenounUS /ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/

a university in England

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

enounUS /iː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal reproduction; an important antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body

From this reading i. e. the beggars are thirsty.

earlieradverbUS /ˈɜːrliər/

earlier in time; previously

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

explainedverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪnd/

past form of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

failverbUS /feɪl/

fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

fearfullyadverb

in fear

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

fingersnounUS /ˈfɪŋɡərz/

plural of “finger” — any of the terminal members of the hand (sometimes excepting the thumb)

From this reading _frost-bitten, and with aching fingers_.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

forefathersnounUS /ˈfɔːrfɑːðərz/

plural of “forefather” — the founder of a family

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

frost-bitten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _frost-bitten, and with aching fingers_.

furste

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

gef

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.

Harl

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

HornnounUS /hɔːrn/

a noisemaker (as at parties or games) that makes a loud noise when you blow through it

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

ipronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading i. e. the beggars are thirsty.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

inaccuratelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈnækjərətli/

in an inaccurate manner

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

MSnounUS /mɪz/

a chronic progressive nervous disorder involving loss of myelin sheath around certain nerve fibers

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

NnounUS /en/

a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.

offendverbUS /əˈfend/

cause to feel resentment or indignation

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

readsnounUS /riːdz/

plural of “read” — something that is read

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

Ritson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

RomancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

sinnounUS /sɪn/

estrangement from god

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading i. e. the beggars are thirsty.

thirstyadjectiveUS /ˈθɜːrsti/

needing moisture

From this reading i. e. the beggars are thirsty.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Ritson has no less inaccurately explained _a-furste_ in the Romance of Horn, by _at first_: the Cambridge MS. of this Romance, earlier and better than the MS.

Thu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

thurste

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

translationnounUS /trænzˈleɪʃən/

a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Harl., reads:-- Thu gef us with the furste, The beggeres beoth _of thurste_. ayein (A.S.) _again_, _in return for_. ayeins, _against_, _towards_ a-gulte (A.S.) 273, 313, 318, 365, _to fail in duty towards any one_, _offend_, _sin against_ aiels (A.N.) 314, _forefathers_ +aisliche (A.S.) 471, _fearfully_.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.

Whitaker

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whitaker gives a very remarkable translation of _a-furst and a-fyngred_, i. e.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _frost-bitten, and with aching fingers_.

Chapter 7 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 by William Langland holds 179 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 contain?

Chapter 7 holds 179 sentences of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 by William Langland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 179 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #43661, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edition
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