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The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2
The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 is here in full — 181 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By William Langland • Curated US English Learning Edition
Cover illustration for The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2
Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.
_pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.
_pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.
See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_
H. hailsen (A.S.) _to salute_.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 is here in full — 181 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.
Line 2
_pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.
Line 3
_pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.
Line 4
See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_
Line 5
H. hailsen (A.S.) _to salute_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Chronicle noun US /ˈkrɑː.nɪ.kəl/

A detailed written record of historical events in order. (Sử ký, biên niên sử lịch sử.)

From this reading “See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_”

Velmora curated lexicon
engraving noun US /ɪnˈɡreɪvɪŋ/

a print made from an engraving

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
graven adjective US /ˈɡreɪvən/

cut into a desired shape

From this reading “gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
groat noun US /ɡroʊt/

a former English silver coin worth four pennies

From this reading “See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
grudge noun US /ɡrʌdʒ/

a resentment strong enough to justify retaliation

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
lament verb US /ləˈment/

express grief verbally

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
pennies noun US /ˈpeniz/

plural of “penny” — a fractional monetary unit of Ireland and the United Kingdom; equal to one hundredth of a pound

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
sculpturing verb US /ˈskʌlptərɪŋ/

-ing form of “sculpture” — create by shaping stone or wood or any other hard material

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

cry out verb + adjective

utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

In this reading “gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.”

30,792 times in 426,211 chapters
make a noise verb + article + noun counted as “make … noise”

In this reading “gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.”

1,680 times in 426,211 chapters

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

100

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
134

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
14

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
186

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
206

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

Pending verification
308

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Pending verification
32

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

Pending verification
335

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
344

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
354

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
375

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
379

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
412

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
415

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
421

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
446

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
448

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
47

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

Pending verification
485

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Pending verification
51

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Pending verification
68

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
97

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
99

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Pending verification
AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ChroniclenounUS /ˈkrɑː.nɪ.kəl/

A detailed written record of historical events in order. (Sử ký, biên niên sử lịch sử.)

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Velmora curated lexicon
coinverbUS /kɔɪn/

make up

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
engravingnounUS /ɪnˈɡreɪvɪŋ/

a print made from an engraving

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
fearfullyadverb

in fear

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
furnounUS /fɜːr/

the dressed hairy coat of a mammal

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
gradde

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
graddest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
grainnounUS /ɡreɪn/

a relatively small granular particle of a substance

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
gravenadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪvən/

cut into a desired shape

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
gravynge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

Pending verification
greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
greden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

Pending verification
gree

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
greetverbUS /ɡriːt/

express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
greete

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
greten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
grette

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
gretter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
greven

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
greyne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
grieveverbUS /ɡriːv/

feel grief

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Grisnoun

Spanish cubist painter (1887-1927)

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
groatnounUS /ɡroʊt/

a former English silver coin worth four pennies

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
grom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Pending verification
groomverbUS /ɡruːm/

educate for a future role or function

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
grote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Pending verification
grucche

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Pending verification
grucchen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Pending verification
grudgenounUS /ɡrʌdʒ/

a resentment strong enough to justify retaliation

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
grys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

Pending verification
grysliche

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Pending verification
HnounUS /eɪtʃ/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading H. hailsen (A.S.) _to salute_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
hailsen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading H. hailsen (A.S.) _to salute_.

Pending verification
hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
henceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
lamentverbUS /ləˈment/

express grief verbally

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Lanercost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Pending verification
makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
NnounUS /en/

a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
noisenounUS /nɔɪz/

sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
penniesnounUS /ˈpeniz/

plural of “penny” — a fractional monetary unit of Ireland and the United Kingdom; equal to one hundredth of a pound

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
pigsnounUS /pɪɡz/

plural of “pig” — domestic swine

From this reading _pret. s._ grette, 186, 344, 446 gretter (A.S.) _greater_ greven (A.N.) 354, _to grieve_ grys (A.S.) 14, 68, 134, _pigs_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
pret

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
saluteverbUS /səˈluːt/

propose a toast to

From this reading H. hailsen (A.S.) _to salute_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
sculpturingverbUS /ˈskʌlptərɪŋ/

-ing form of “sculpture” — create by shaping stone or wood or any other hard material

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
SeeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
seednounUS /siːd/

a small hard fruit

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
shoutverbUS /ʃaʊt/

utter in a loud voice; talk in a loud voice (usually denoting characteristic manner of speaking)

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Pending verification
toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading gravynge (A.N.) _engraving, sculpturing_ graven (A.N.) 206, _to put in grave_ greden (A.S.) 32, 47, _to cry out, shout, make a noise_.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading See the story of Will _Gris_ in the Lanercost Chronicle grys (A.N.) 308, _a kind of fur_ +grysliche (A.S.) 485, _fearfully_ grom (A.S.) 99, _a man_: hence the modern groom grote (A.N.) 51, _a groat, a coin of the value of four pennies_ grucchen, grucche (A.S.) _to grudge_

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading _pret. s._ thow graddest, 421, he gradde, 335, 448 gree (A.N.) 375, _pleasure, will_ greete (A.S.) 100, _to lament_ greyne (A.N.) 412, 415, _a grain, seed_ greten (A.S.) 97, 379, _to greet_.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary

Chapter 9 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 by William Langland holds 181 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 contain?

Chapter 9 holds 181 sentences of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 by William Langland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 181 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Common questions about reading The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 by William Langland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2?

Yes. All 3964 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43661 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43661, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 take to read?

About 330 minutes of reading across 793 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 section by section

How to work through The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edition
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Numbers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Displayed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Every
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman, Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.