Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

higher than, or over, something

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

stern foremost or backward

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

plural of “cave” — a geological formation consisting of an underground enclosure with access from the surface of the ground or from the sea

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

provoking fear terror

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

(sentence connectors) because of the reason given

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

the time after sunrise and before sunset while it is light outside

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

recognizable; marked

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

not as far along as normal in development

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

move away from a place into another direction

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

marked by complexity and richness of detail

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

an erect penis

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

of great significance or value

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

plural of “instrument” — a device that requires skill for proper use

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

of or pertaining to atmospheric phenomena, especially weather and weather conditions

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

used to form the superlative

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

not any; not one

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

plural of “observation” — the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

come into possession of

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

financial transactions at a brokerage; having to do with the execution of trades and keeping customer records

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

having a pair of equal and opposite charges

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

most frequent or common

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

on the contrary

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

set down or registered in a permanent form especially on film or tape for reproduction

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

of or relating to the practice of science

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

a white or silvered surface where pictures can be projected for viewing

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

English writer who created Frankenstein's monster and married Percy Bysshe Shelley (1797-1851)

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

transport commercially

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

a descent as through liquid (especially through water)

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

after the expected or usual time; delayed

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading To obtain a complete record of meteorological observations was one of the most important scientific objects of the expedition, and it was decided that the instruments should be read and recorded every two hours.

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

compelling immediate action

From this reading One of the most urgent operations was to get up the meteorological screen, which had been made under the superintendence of Royds.

having passed out of existence

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

the direction from which the wind is coming

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE POLAR WINTER The cold ice slept below, Above the cold sky shone, And all around With a chilling sound From caves of ice and fields of snow The breath of night like death did flow Beneath the sinking moon.--SHELLEY.

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The sun was due to depart before the end of April, and so no time could be wasted if the outside work, which had been delayed by the tardy formation of the ice-sheet, was to be completed before the daylight vanished.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.

plural of “yard” — a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading The whole of this rather elaborate erection was, placed about 100 yards astern of the ship, and consequently in a direction which, with the prevalent south-easterly winds, would be to windward of her.