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The Wars of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of The Wars of the Roses is here in full — 49 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE BATTLE OF ST.
ALBANS.
When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.
The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.
Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Wars of the Roses

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of The Wars of the Roses is here in full — 49 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE BATTLE OF ST.
Line 2
ALBANS.
Line 3
When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.
Line 4
The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.
/ðə ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz wɜːr sʌtʃ ðæt ðə ˈeksərsaɪz ʌv ˌmɑːdərˈeɪʃən təˈwɔːrd frendz ənd foʊz wʊd hæv rɪˈstɔːrd ðə ˌlæŋˈkæstriən kwiːn tuː ðə ɡʊd əˈpɪnjən ʌv hɜːr ˈhʌzbəndz ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/
Line 5
Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

decency noun US /ˈdiːsənsi/

the quality of conforming to standards of propriety and morality

From this reading “Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.”

defiance noun US /dɪˈfaɪəns/

intentionally contemptuous behavior or attitude

From this reading “Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.”

foes noun US /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading “The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.”

Lancastrian noun US /ˌlæŋˈkæstriən/

a member (or supporter) of the house of Lancaster

From this reading “The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.”

malady noun US /ˈmælədi/

any unwholesome or desperate condition

From this reading “When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.”

moderation noun US /ˌmɑːdərˈeɪʃən/

quality of being moderate and avoiding extremes

From this reading “The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.”

prejudice noun US /ˈpredʒədɪs/

a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation

From this reading “Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.”

resigned verb US /rɪˈzaɪnd/

past form of “resign” — leave (a job, post, or position) voluntarily

From this reading “When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

good opinion adjective + noun

In this reading “The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

ALBANS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ALBANS.

all-powerfuladjective

having unlimited power

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

Anjounoun

a former province of western France in the Loire valley

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

BATTLEnounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ST.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

decencynounUS /ˈdiːsənsi/

the quality of conforming to standards of propriety and morality

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

defiancenounUS /dɪˈfaɪəns/

intentionally contemptuous behavior or attitude

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

foesnounUS /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

happinessnounUS /ˈhæpinəs/

state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

hurrynounUS /ˈhɜːri/

a condition of urgency making it necessary to hurry

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

husband'snounUS /ˈhʌzbəndz/

possessive form of “husband” — a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

LancastriannounUS /ˌlæŋˈkæstriən/

a member (or supporter) of the house of Lancaster

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

maladynounUS /ˈmælədi/

any unwholesome or desperate condition

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

Margaret

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

moderationnounUS /ˌmɑːdərˈeɪʃən/

quality of being moderate and avoiding extremes

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ST.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

passionnounUS /ˈpæʃən/

a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

prejudicenounUS /ˈpredʒədɪs/

a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

Protectorshipnoun

the position of protector

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

queennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

recoveredadjectiveUS /rəˈkʌvərd/

freed from illness or injury

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

resignedverbUS /rɪˈzaɪnd/

past form of “resign” — leave (a job, post, or position) voluntarily

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

restoredverbUS /rɪˈstɔːrd/

past form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

ST

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ST.

subjectsnounUS /ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/

plural of “subject” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE BATTLE OF ST.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

UnfortunatelyadverbUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənətli/

by bad luck

From this reading Unfortunately for her happiness, Margaret allowed prejudice and passion to hurry her into a defiance of law and decency.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The circumstances were such that the exercise of moderation, toward friends and foes, would have restored the Lancastrian queen to the good opinion of her husband's subjects.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading When Henry recovered from his malady York resigned the Protectorship, and Margaret of Anjou again became all-powerful.

Chapter 5 of The Wars of the Roses by John G. (John George) Edgar holds 49 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of The Wars of the Roses contain?

Chapter 5 holds 49 sentences of The Wars of the Roses, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of The Wars of the Roses by John G. (John George) Edgar exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 49 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of The Wars of the Roses?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Wars of the Roses

Common questions about reading The Wars of the Roses by John G. (John George) Edgar on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Wars of the Roses?

Yes. All 3418 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #46132 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Wars of the Roses is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #46132, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Wars of the Roses take to read?

About 284 minutes of reading across 684 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Wars of the Roses section by section

How to work through The Wars of the Roses section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Wars of the Roses to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Wars of the Roses

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Wars of the Roses, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Stories
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Wars of the Roses; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Struggle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Wars of the Roses; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lancaster
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Wars of the Roses; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Wars of the Roses; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.